The mother of a child with Asperger disorder tells the nurse that her child has few playmates. She states, 'He has such poor social skills with other children, and he strongly rejects any change in his routine by throwing a tantrum.' Based on this information, the nurse identifies which nursing diagnosis as the priority?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Risk for Social Isolation related to poor social skills of the child. The priority is to address the risk of social isolation because the child's poor social skills and rejection of changes in routine are indicators of potential isolation from peers. Social interaction is crucial for a child's development, and addressing this risk can help improve the child's social skills and overall well-being. Choice A is incorrect because self-care deficits are not the priority in this scenario. Choice B is incorrect as the child's behavior does not directly indicate a risk for injury. Choice C is incorrect because the focus should be on the child's social needs rather than solely on the family's coping mechanisms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "This is normal for your child's age. The child is striving for independence." Rationale: 1. At age 2, children often exhibit defiance and assert independence. Refusal of toilet training and saying 'No' are typical behaviors. 2. Toilet training readiness varies among children, and it is not uncommon for some to resist training until later. 3. Acknowledging the child's developmental stage and need for independence validates their behavior and helps parents understand it's a normal phase. Summary: - Choice A is incorrect as forcing firmer control can lead to power struggles and hinder the child's autonomy. - Choice C is incorrect as toilet training readiness varies, and it's not a definitive sign of developmental problems. - Choice D is incorrect as seeking a child psychologist for typical behavior may be unnecessary and premature.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A daytime heart rate of less than 50 beats per minute. This criterion indicates severe bradycardia, which is a sign of cardiac compromise in individuals with eating disorders. Bradycardia is a serious medical complication associated with malnutrition and can lead to cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure, and even sudden death. Monitoring heart rate is crucial in assessing the severity of an eating disorder and the need for hospitalization. Choice B (an oral temperature of 100°F or more) is not a specific criterion for hospital admission in eating disorders. Choice C (90% of ideal body weight) is an important indicator of malnutrition but does not directly reflect the severity of cardiac compromise. Choice D (systolic blood pressure greater than 130 mm Hg) is not typically a criterion for hospital admission in eating disorders unless it is extremely elevated and indicating hypertensive crisis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Establish trust and rapport. Patient-centered interview techniques focus on building a trusting relationship with the patient, which is crucial when discussing sensitive topics like abuse. Sitting near the patient helps create a sense of closeness and comfort, facilitating open communication. Trust and rapport are essential for the patient to feel safe enough to disclose abuse. Asking lots of questions (B) may feel intrusive and overwhelming for the patient. Interrupting the patient's story (C) can disrupt the flow and hinder the patient's ability to express themselves fully. Utilizing closed-ended questions (D) may limit the information shared and inhibit a deeper understanding of the patient's situation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because biological theory emphasizes that mental illnesses have biological origins, reducing the misconception that they are solely due to personal weakness or character flaws. This understanding decreases stigma by promoting the view that mental illnesses are medical conditions that can be treated. Choice A is incorrect as there is no universal cure for all psychiatric disorders. Choice B is incorrect as medication is not the only treatment option, and not all clients may need or benefit from medication. Choice C is incorrect as providers' compassion is not directly related to biological theory but rather to their individual attitudes and training.