The mother of a 5-month-old baby, who attends daycare, is concerned because the child has developed a runny nose, cough, and low-grade fever over the last few days. These symptoms are consistent with which condition?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. RSV is a common viral infection that affects the respiratory tract, particularly in young children attending daycare. The symptoms of RSV bronchiolitis, including a runny nose, cough, and low-grade fever, are consistent with the presentation described in the scenario. RSV is highly contagious and spreads easily in settings where young children interact closely, like daycare facilities. Option A) Meningitis is incorrect because the symptoms described are not typical of meningitis, which presents with more severe symptoms such as high fever, headache, stiff neck, and sensitivity to light. Option C) Bronchitis is incorrect because while it can present with symptoms like cough and fever, it is less likely in a 5-month-old infant and is not as common in daycare settings compared to RSV. Option D) The common cold is incorrect because while the symptoms described could be seen in a cold, the scenario specifically mentions the child attending daycare, which increases the likelihood of exposure to RSV. Educationally, understanding the common conditions that affect young children, like RSV bronchiolitis, is crucial for healthcare providers working in pediatric settings. Recognizing the symptoms of different illnesses helps in timely diagnosis and management, thus improving outcomes for pediatric patients. Additionally, knowledge of the epidemiology and transmission of infectious diseases like RSV is essential for implementing preventive measures in daycare and healthcare settings to reduce the spread of infections among children.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this NCLEX question about oxygen therapy, the correct answer is option D, which states that nitrogen constitutes 78% of the air in the atmosphere. This is the correct answer because nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, making up approximately 78% of the air we breathe. Option A, stating that nitrogen is 97% of the water on Earth, is incorrect because nitrogen is actually a gas and not a component of water. Option B, indicating 3% of the water on Earth is nitrogen, is also incorrect for the same reason. Option C, mentioning 0.04% in the air, is inaccurate as it understates the actual concentration of nitrogen in the atmosphere. From an educational perspective, understanding the composition of the Earth's atmosphere is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially when dealing with oxygen therapy. Knowing that nitrogen makes up the majority of the air we breathe helps in understanding the dynamics of gas exchange and the effects of different gas concentrations on the body's respiratory system. This knowledge is essential for providing safe and effective oxygen therapy to patients in various healthcare settings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: With the patient's head tilted back, jaw pulled forward, and airway cleared, the mask is held tightly over the patient's nose and mouth. The bag also fits easily over tracheostomy and endotracheal tubes. The operator's other hand compresses the bag at a rate that approximates normal respiratory rate (e.g., 16 to 20 breaths/min in adults).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of oxygen therapy and suctioning, it is crucial for nurses to adhere to best practices to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes. In this NCLEX question, option A is the correct answer indicating incompetence during suctioning. Measuring the length of the suction catheter from the tip of the nose to the earlobe to the xiphoid process is inaccurate and irrelevant to the suctioning procedure, as it is a technique used for nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion, not suctioning. Option B states that the maximum time of suctioning should not exceed 15 seconds, which is a correct practice in preventing hypoxia and tissue damage. Option C, allowing a 30-second interval between suctioning, is also a recommended practice to prevent hypoxia and give the patient time to recover between suction passes. Option D, "Not applicable," is incorrect as the incorrect measurement technique provided in option A is indeed a sign of incompetence during suctioning. Educationally, understanding the correct procedures for suctioning is essential for nurses caring for patients requiring oxygen therapy. By knowing the correct techniques, nurses can ensure effective airway clearance while minimizing the risk of complications. This question highlights the importance of attention to detail and the need for nurses to be well-versed in the specific procedures related to oxygen therapy and airway management.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer to the question is D) Amino Acids. Amino acids are indeed the end products of protein digestion and are considered the building blocks of proteins. When proteins are consumed through the diet, they are broken down into amino acids during the process of digestion. These amino acids are then absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body for various functions, including the synthesis of new proteins needed for growth, maintenance, and repair of tissues. Option A) Nucleotides are not the end products of protein digestion. Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, not proteins. Option B) Fatty acids are the building blocks of fats, not proteins. While fats are important for energy storage and insulation, they are not directly involved in protein synthesis. Option C) Glucose is the end product of carbohydrate digestion, not protein digestion. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose in the body and serve as a primary source of energy for various cellular processes. Understanding the role of amino acids as the fundamental components of proteins is crucial for healthcare professionals, including nurses preparing for the NCLEX exam. Amino acids play a vital role in numerous physiological processes in the body, such as enzyme function, hormone regulation, and immune system support. This knowledge is essential for providing appropriate care to patients with diverse nutritional needs and medical conditions that may require special attention to protein intake and metabolism.