The mother of a 2-month-old is concerned that she may be spoiling her baby by picking her up when she cries. Which of the following would be the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Babies need to be held and cuddled; you won't spoil her this way. This response is the best choice because it aligns with the concept of responsive caregiving in pediatric nursing. Holding and comforting a crying baby helps build a secure attachment, fosters emotional development, and promotes trust between the baby and caregiver. It also helps regulate the baby's stress response and promotes overall well-being. Option A is incorrect because leaving a baby to cry for an extended period can lead to increased stress and feelings of abandonment, which can negatively impact the baby's emotional and psychological development. Option C is incorrect as it assumes that crying always indicates hunger, which is not always the case. Option D is also incorrect as leaving a baby to cry themselves to sleep is not recommended as it can lead to feelings of insecurity and distress. In an educational context, it is important to emphasize to parents the significance of responding promptly to their baby's cries with love and care. Teaching parents about the importance of bonding and attachment in the early months of life sets a foundation for healthy emotional development and secure relationships later in life. It is crucial to provide parents with evidence-based information on infant care practices to support optimal growth and development.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In managing a neonate with severe hypothermia, the initial step should be to begin warming with external heat sources (Option B). This is crucial because hypothermia can lead to significant complications in neonates, such as respiratory distress, metabolic acidosis, and hypoglycemia. Warming the neonate is essential to prevent further heat loss, stabilize their body temperature, and improve overall outcomes. Administering glucose (Option A) may be necessary if the neonate is hypoglycemic, but it is not the initial step in managing severe hypothermia. Starting positive pressure ventilation (Option C) or intubating and providing surfactant (Option D) may be indicated if the neonate's respiratory status deteriorates, but these interventions should not precede warming the neonate. In an educational context, it is important for healthcare providers working in pediatric respiratory nursing to understand the prioritization of interventions in neonates with severe hypothermia. By recognizing the significance of prompt warming in these cases, nurses can effectively manage and stabilize neonates to prevent further complications associated with hypothermia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the case of a neonate with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) experiencing respiratory distress, the recommended intervention is administering prostaglandin inhibitors (Option B). This is because prostaglandin inhibitors help to promote closure of the PDA, which is essential in improving respiratory function and preventing complications associated with the condition. Administering oxygen therapy (Option A) may provide temporary relief for respiratory distress symptoms but does not address the underlying cause of the issue, which is the patent ductus arteriosus. Performing a blood transfusion (Option C) is not the primary intervention for a neonate with a PDA and respiratory distress unless there are specific indications for it. Starting positive pressure ventilation (Option D) may be necessary in severe cases of respiratory distress but does not target the PDA itself. In the educational context, understanding the appropriate interventions for neonates with respiratory distress due to conditions like PDA is crucial for pediatric nurses. Prostaglandin inhibitors play a key role in managing PDA-related respiratory issues, and knowing when and how to administer them can significantly impact patient outcomes in neonatal care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Shame. When parents restrict a toddler from utilizing their skills in areas where they are capable, it can lead to feelings of shame in the child. By not allowing the toddler to explore and develop their abilities, they may start to feel a sense of inadequacy and embarrassment about their skills and actions. Option A) Mistrust is incorrect because mistrust typically develops when infants' basic needs are not consistently met and they cannot rely on caregivers for their needs. Option C) Guilt is associated with feelings of remorse or regret for actions that go against internalized rules, which is more characteristic of the next stage of psychosocial development according to Erikson's stages of development. Option D) Inferiority is related to feelings of incompetence and inability to meet expectations, which is more relevant in later stages of development. In an educational context, understanding Erikson's psychosocial stages of development is crucial for pediatric nurses as it helps in comprehending and addressing the emotional and psychological needs of children at different ages. By recognizing the potential impact of parental behaviors on a child's emotional development, nurses can provide support and guidance to parents to foster a healthy sense of self-esteem and autonomy in their children.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) School-age children are unable to understand potential dangers around them. This statement indicates a misconception about school-age children's cognitive abilities and understanding of safety. School-age children are typically more aware of their surroundings and able to understand potential dangers compared to younger children. As children grow, their cognitive abilities, reasoning skills, and judgment improve, allowing them to comprehend and navigate potential hazards more effectively. Option A is incorrect because it acknowledges the natural behavior of school-age children being more active and adventurous, which is a factor that should be considered in accident prevention strategies. Option B is incorrect as it suggests that school-age children are more susceptible to home hazards compared to younger children, which is not necessarily true. Both age groups have unique risks to consider. Option D is incorrect because parental control over children typically decreases as they get older, but it does not mean that school-age children are less receptive to safety education or incapable of understanding potential dangers. In an educational context, it is crucial to recognize the developmental stage of school-age children and tailor accident prevention strategies to their cognitive abilities and behaviors. Providing accurate information to parents can help them create a safe environment and teach their children how to identify and avoid potential dangers effectively.