ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
The MOST severe form of food protein-induced enteropathy is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Celiac disease is a severe immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten, leading to chronic inflammation and malabsorption.
Question 2 of 9
A neonate presents with cyanosis and a boot-shaped heart on chest X-ray. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot consists of four defects: pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, overriding aorta, and VSD. The boot-shaped heart on X-ray is a classic finding. Cyanotic spells improve with squatting or knee-chest positioning.
Question 3 of 9
Evaluation for pubertal delay in females should be done if she lacks any pubertal signs by the age of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pubertal delay in females is suspected if no signs of puberty appear by age 13.
Question 4 of 9
In patients with failure to thrive; chromosomal abnormality, intrauterine infection, and metabolic disorders need to be ruled out. All the following factors are suggestive of metabolic problems EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Renal symptoms are not specific to metabolic disorders. Insidious onset, recurrent vomiting, neurologic manifestations, and cardiomyopathy are classic features of metabolic diseases.
Question 5 of 9
One of the following is not among causes of normocytic normochromic anemia:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia typically presents as microcytic hypochromic anemia due to reduced hemoglobin production. Normocytic normochromic anemia is seen in conditions like aplastic anemia and hemorrhagic anemia.
Question 6 of 9
The risk of developing infective endocarditis is the least in a patient with
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A large atrial septal defect has low turbulence and pressure gradients, making it less likely to develop infective endocarditis compared to high-pressure lesions such as VSDs or valvular regurgitations.
Question 7 of 9
Which of the following is a cause of obstructive shock?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tension pneumothorax causes obstructive shock by preventing normal venous return to the heart due to increased intrathoracic pressure.
Question 8 of 9
Which drug is commonly used to treat an acute gout attack?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Colchicine is the first-line treatment for acute gout attacks due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
Question 9 of 9
Treatment of enuresis should include all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While involving the child in treatment steps like voiding before bed and using alarms is helpful, making them launder soiled sheets could be punitive and counterproductive.