ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The MOST severe form of CP is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spastic quadriplegia is the most severe CP, affecting all limbs, trunk, and often cognition, from extensive brain damage (e.g., HIE). Diplegia spararms; hemiplegia one side; athetoid and dyskinetic focus on movement. Quadriplegias scope make B the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
The organism causing CNS infection is never seen on direct examination of CSF in
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tuberculous meningitis rarely shows organisms on CSF smear (acid-fast bacilli) due to low bacterial load, needing culture/PCR. Bacterial (B-C), fungal , and amebic meningitis often reveal organisms. TBs diagnostic challenge makes A the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
Data support the use of intravenous dexamethasone, 0.15 mg/kg/dose given every 6 hr for 2 days, in the treatment of children older than 6 wk with acute bacterial meningitis caused by H. influenza type b. for the following reasons EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dexamethasone in H. flu meningitis reducfever , CSF protein , lactate , and hearing loss , per trials (e.g., Cochrane). Mortality is not significantly lowered; benefits focus on morbidity. This outcome gap makes C the exception and correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
Detection of viral DNA or RNA by polymerase chain reaction is the test of choice in the diagnosis of CNS infection caused by
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PCR is the gold standard for West Nile virus (WNV) CNS infection, per CDC, due to rapid, specific RNA detection in CSF. Arbovirus, parechovirus, rabi, and EBV use PCR variably, but WNVs reliance makes C the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
The MOST common presenting complaint of intramedullary spinal cord tumors is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Back pain is the most common presenting symptom of intramedullary spinal cord tumors (~70%), per studies, from local mass effect. Gait , sensory , scoliosis , and urinary issufollow. Pains prominence makes D the correct answer.