Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because polyuria is a common complication following hypophysectomy (removal of the pituitary gland). This procedure can disrupt the regulation of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to excessive urination. Choice A is incorrect as decreased stress would not cause polyuria. Choice B is unlikely as the onset of diabetes mellitus is not a typical immediate postoperative complication. Choice C is incorrect as removal of the pituitary gland would disrupt hormone regulation, possibly leading to polyuria, rather than being an expected result.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Position lower extremities below level of heart. This intervention helps improve blood flow and perfusion to the lower extremities by utilizing gravity to assist in venous return. This is crucial for clients at risk for ineffective tissue perfusion post-cardiac surgery. A: Restricting fluid intake may lead to dehydration, which can worsen tissue perfusion. B: Ensuring the client avoids prolonged sitting is important for preventing blood clots, but it does not directly address tissue perfusion. D: Instructing the client to avoid leg exercises may hinder circulation and exacerbate issues related to tissue perfusion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, weight gain, as it is not typically considered a warning sign of cancer. Changes in bladder and bowel habits (A), indigestion or difficulty in swallowing (C), and a nagging cough or hoarseness (D) are commonly associated with various types of cancer. Weight gain is more commonly linked to factors such as diet, exercise, and hormonal imbalances rather than cancer. It is important to be vigilant about the other warning signs and seek medical attention if any of those symptoms persist.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (600ml/24hr) because insensible fluid losses in an afebrile person are typically around 600ml per 24 hours. Insensible losses include water lost through the skin as sweat and through the lungs during respiration. These losses are not easily quantifiable but are estimated to be around 600ml/day in normal circumstances. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they are either too low (A and B) or too high (D) compared to the normal range of insensible fluid losses. Selecting C as the correct answer is based on the understanding of physiological principles related to fluid balance and normal body functions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Choice C: 1. Safety First: Recording vital signs is crucial for patient safety. Asking the NAP to record vital signs ensures the patient's condition is monitored before administering medications. 2. Accountability: Nurses are responsible for ensuring accurate documentation of vital signs. Asking the NAP to record them maintains accountability within the healthcare team. 3. Communication: By requesting the NAP to record vital signs, the nurse fosters effective communication and collaboration in patient care. Summary of Other Choices: A: Administering medications without reviewing vital signs could lead to adverse effects if there are abnormalities. B: Reviewing vital signs upon return delays immediate action and could jeopardize patient safety. D: Omitting vital signs neglects the essential monitoring required for patient care and could result in missed opportunities for early intervention.