ATI RN
Respiratory drugs Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The most important receptor involved in cytotoxic drug induced vomiting is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of cytotoxic drug-induced vomiting, the most important receptor involved is the Serotonin 5-HT₃ receptor, making option B the correct answer. Serotonin 5-HT₃ receptors are located peripherally on vagal afferents in the gastrointestinal tract and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. When activated by cytotoxic drugs, these receptors trigger afferent signals to the vomiting center in the brain, leading to the sensation of nausea and vomiting. Option A, Histamine H₁ receptor, is involved in allergic reactions and not specifically linked to cytotoxic drug-induced vomiting. Option C, Dopamine D2 receptor, is more relevant in the context of antiemetic drugs targeting chemotherapy-induced vomiting. Option D, Opioid μ receptor, plays a role in pain modulation rather than vomiting. Educationally, understanding the specific receptors involved in different types of vomiting can aid healthcare professionals in selecting the most appropriate antiemetic therapy for their patients, based on the underlying cause of nausea and vomiting. This knowledge is crucial in providing effective symptom management and improving patient outcomes during cancer treatment or other scenarios involving cytotoxic drug administration.
Question 2 of 5
The antiasthma drug which cannot be administered by inhalation is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is A) Theophylline. Theophylline is an antiasthma drug that cannot be administered by inhalation due to its pharmacokinetic properties. Theophylline is typically administered orally as it has a narrow therapeutic window and can easily lead to toxicity if not carefully monitored. Option B) Ipratropium bromide is an inhaled antiasthma medication that works by dilating the airways, making it an appropriate choice for inhalation therapy. Option C) Budesonide is a corticosteroid commonly administered via inhalation to reduce inflammation in the airways in asthma patients. Option D) Terbutaline is a beta-2 agonist bronchodilator that is commonly administered via inhalation to provide quick relief of asthma symptoms by relaxing the muscles in the airways. In an educational context, understanding the appropriate routes of administration for different respiratory drugs is crucial for healthcare professionals to effectively manage asthma and other respiratory conditions. Knowing which drugs are suitable for inhalation versus oral administration helps ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes while minimizing the risk of adverse effects. It is important for students to grasp these distinctions to provide safe and effective care to patients with respiratory disorders.
Question 3 of 5
To be a useful inhaled glucocorticoid the drug should have
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of respiratory drugs, inhaled glucocorticoids are crucial in managing conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The correct answer to the question is B) Low oral bioavailability. Inhaled glucocorticoids are designed to have low oral bioavailability. This means that when taken orally, these drugs are poorly absorbed into the bloodstream, reducing systemic side effects. However, when inhaled directly into the lungs, they exert their anti-inflammatory effects locally, reducing airway inflammation and symptoms. Option A) High oral bioavailability is incorrect because high oral bioavailability would lead to increased systemic absorption, resulting in a higher risk of systemic side effects associated with glucocorticoid use. Option C) Additional bronchodilator activity is not a requirement for inhaled glucocorticoids. These drugs primarily work by reducing inflammation in the airways rather than directly causing bronchodilation. Option D) Prodrug character is also not a necessary characteristic for inhaled glucocorticoids. Prodrugs require conversion to their active form in the body before exerting their therapeutic effects, which is not a requirement for inhaled glucocorticoids. Understanding the properties of inhaled glucocorticoids is essential for healthcare professionals to ensure effective treatment of respiratory conditions while minimizing systemic side effects. By selecting the appropriate delivery method and understanding drug characteristics, healthcare providers can optimize patient outcomes and quality of life.
Question 4 of 5
A 34-year-old female patient just arrived to the emergency room and the nurse is unable to start an intravenous line during CPR. The doctor wants to administer Naloxone because it is believed that the patient is suffering from a narcotic overdose. Which of the following is an appropriate alternative route of administration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Through the endotracheal tube. When a patient is in cardiac arrest and intravenous access cannot be obtained, medications can be administered directly into the endotracheal tube. Naloxone, an opioid antagonist used to reverse narcotic overdose, can be given via this route effectively during CPR. Option A) Through the feeding tube is incorrect because medications administered through a feeding tube may not be rapidly absorbed during emergencies like CPR. Option B) Aerosolized via SVN is not ideal for emergency situations like this as it may not provide rapid and precise drug delivery. Option C) Through the nasogastric tube is also not preferred during CPR as absorption may be delayed. Educationally, it is crucial for healthcare providers to understand alternative routes of medication administration during emergencies when conventional methods are not feasible. This knowledge can be life-saving in critical situations where prompt intervention is essential for patient outcomes. Understanding the rationale behind choosing the most appropriate route of administration ensures effective and timely delivery of medications to patients in need.
Question 5 of 5
A male patient arrives to the emergency department in excruciating pain after a motor vehicle accident. The patient is screaming and appears to have multiple broken bones in his legs. Which of the following medications would you recommend for sedation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the most appropriate medication for sedation would be C) Morphine sulfate. The rationale behind choosing Morphine sulfate is its potent analgesic properties, making it effective in managing severe pain such as that experienced by the patient with multiple broken bones. Morphine acts on the central nervous system to alleviate pain and induce sedation, which is crucial in this emergency situation. Options A and B, Ibuprofen and Ipratropium bromide respectively, are not suitable for sedating a patient in severe pain. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that primarily helps with pain and inflammation, but it is not strong enough for the level of pain described in the scenario. Ipratropium bromide is a bronchodilator used in respiratory conditions but is not indicated for pain management or sedation. Option D, Succinylcholine, is a muscle relaxant used for rapid sequence intubation in emergency situations where airway control is needed. While it can induce temporary paralysis, it does not provide pain relief or sedation, which are the primary goals in this case. Educationally, understanding the appropriate use of medications for pain management and sedation in emergency situations is crucial for healthcare providers. It is essential to differentiate between medications based on their pharmacological actions and indications to provide optimal care to patients in acute pain.