The most frequent causes of death among clients with AIDS are opportunistic diseases. Which of the following opportunistic infections is characterized by tonsilllopharyngitis?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infectious mononucleosis. This infection is characterized by tonsilllopharyngitis, which is inflammation of the tonsils and pharynx. It is a common symptom of infectious mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Respiratory candidiasis (choice A) typically presents as oral thrush, not tonsillitis. Cytomegalovirus disease (choice C) commonly affects the eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs but does not specifically cause tonsilllopharyngitis. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (choice D) is a severe lung infection often seen in AIDS patients, but it does not manifest as tonsilllopharyngitis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because conducting health screenings for individuals in a specific town or city aligns with the community health nurse's focus on population-based care. This action targets a broader group rather than individual patients, promoting health and preventing illness at a community level. A: Providing individualized care for multiple patients with a specific chronic illness is more focused on individual patient care rather than the community as a whole. C: Administering vaccines to individuals at high risk of disease complications is important for prevention, but it still targets individuals rather than the community as a whole. D: Treating a client's acute illness in a hospital setting is also more focused on individual patient care and not on community health nursing principles.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because involving community members in assessment processes increases the likelihood of their participation in interventions and programs. Step 1: Engaging community members fosters ownership and empowerment. Step 2: By involving them, nurses gain insights and perspectives essential for effective interventions. Step 3: Collaboration enhances trust and cooperation, leading to sustainable community health improvements. Incorrect choices: A is incorrect as a windshield survey is a quick observation, not an improvement tool. B is incorrect as sharing workload is not the primary reason for involving community members. D is incorrect as control should not be the goal, but rather empowerment and partnership.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assessment. During the assessment phase of the nursing process, the community health nurse collects and analyzes data to identify patterns and trends in the community's health status. This step helps the nurse understand the community's needs and prioritize interventions. Choice B: Diagnosis comes after assessment and involves identifying health problems based on the collected data. Choice C: Planning involves developing specific interventions and goals based on the identified health problems. Choice D: Evaluation is the final phase where the nurse assesses the effectiveness of the interventions implemented.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because changing the mindset and expectations of a community is a fundamental driver of change in making health a shared value. By shifting attitudes and beliefs towards prioritizing health, individuals are more likely to engage in behaviors that promote well-being. This action addresses the underlying cultural norms and values that influence health outcomes. A: Increasing partnerships between hospitals may improve healthcare delivery but does not directly address changing the mindset of the community. B: Supporting working parents is important for overall well-being but does not specifically focus on changing community attitudes towards health. C: Providing access to routine dental and vision care is crucial for healthcare access, but it does not directly impact changing the community's mindset towards health.