ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The most common viral cause of encephalitis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enteroviruses, especially Coxsackie and Echoviruses, are common causes of viral encephalitis, with HSV being more severe but less common overall.
Question 2 of 5
Head banging, hair twirling, rocking, thumb sucking, teeth grinding, and nail biting all are
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These behaviors are classified as habit disorders, which often serve as self-soothing mechanisms to relieve tension or anxiety. They are not necessarily indicative of poor parenting or tics.
Question 3 of 5
Lissencephaly is a disorder of which stage of neural development?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lissencephaly results from defective neuronal migration, leading to a smooth brain surface and severe developmental delay.
Question 4 of 5
Reactive arthritis is defined as joint inflammation caused by a sterile inflammatory reaction following a recent infection. Of the following, the LEAST likely micro-organism that may cause reactive arthritis is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clostridium difficile is less commonly associated with reactive arthritis.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing vertical transmission of HIV from mother to infant?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maternal antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduces vertical HIV transmission by lowering maternal viral load. Additional measures like neonatal zidovudine and avoiding breastfeeding further reduce transmission risk.