The most common type of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD is the most common type of peripheral vascular disease, characterized by the narrowing or blockage of arteries that supply blood to the extremities. This leads to reduced blood flow and can cause pain, numbness, and other symptoms. Phlebitis (A) refers to inflammation of veins, while myocardial infarction (B) and coronary artery disease (D) specifically involve the heart and its blood supply, not the peripheral arteries. So, C is correct as it directly relates to narrowing/blockage of peripheral arteries, distinguishing it from the other choices.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Use touch and smiles. This is because non-verbal communication, such as touch and smiles, can help the resident feel understood and connected despite the loss of verbal skills. It shows empathy and can provide comfort. A: Assuming the resident cannot understand may lead to feelings of isolation and neglect. C: Asking questions may be frustrating for the resident and cause further distress. D: Not involving the resident in activities can worsen feelings of isolation and decrease quality of life.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the immune system's main function is to protect the body against foreign substances and pathogens. It does this by identifying and neutralizing harmful invaders to maintain the body's health. A, B, and D are incorrect because maintaining blood sugar levels is primarily regulated by the endocrine system, regulating hormone production is done by the endocrine system, and body temperature regulation is controlled by the nervous system and endocrine system, not the immune system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the function of an artificial airway is to keep the airway open for the lungs to perform air exchange. This is crucial for maintaining oxygenation and ventilation in individuals who have difficulty breathing on their own. Choice A is incorrect because feeding tubes are used for feeding, not for maintaining airways. Choice C is incorrect as checking vital signs does not require an artificial airway. Choice D is incorrect as preparing for a medical test does not involve the use of an artificial airway.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 6 months. Nursing assistants typically must take the state test within 6 months after completing their training to become certified. This timeframe ensures that they have recently acquired the necessary knowledge and skills to pass the test. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because waiting longer periods could result in the nursing assistant forgetting crucial information or skills, reducing their chances of passing the test. Additionally, delaying the test could hinder the assistant's ability to start working in the field promptly.