ATI RN
Nursing Interventions for Pediatric Respiratory Distress Questions
Question 1 of 5
The MOST common neurologic sequelae of bacterial meningitis is?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is B) Hearing loss. In pediatric bacterial meningitis, hearing loss is the most common neurologic sequelae due to the inflammation and damage caused to the cochlea and auditory nerve by the infection. This can occur even with prompt treatment of the meningitis. Option A) Recurrent seizures are more commonly associated with conditions like epilepsy or head trauma rather than bacterial meningitis. Option C) Cognitive impairment may occur in bacterial meningitis, but it is not the most common neurologic sequelae; hearing loss takes precedence. Option D) Visual impairment is not a typical neurologic sequelae of bacterial meningitis in pediatric patients. Educational Context: Understanding the most common neurologic sequelae of bacterial meningitis in pediatric patients is crucial for nurses caring for these vulnerable populations. By recognizing the potential long-term effects such as hearing loss, healthcare providers can implement appropriate interventions and support for affected children and their families. This knowledge also underscores the importance of preventive measures such as vaccinations to reduce the incidence of meningitis and its complications.
Question 2 of 5
SITUATION: Susie, 9 y/o has been diagnosed with tracheoesophageal fistula. Which of the following actions is most important for Susie's care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the case of Susie, a 9-year-old with a tracheoesophageal fistula, the most important action for her care is Option B) Prevent aspiration. Aspiration is a critical concern for individuals with this condition as it involves an abnormal connection between the trachea and the esophagus, leading to the potential for food, liquids, or gastric contents to enter the lungs, causing aspiration pneumonia, respiratory distress, and other serious complications. Preventing aspiration is crucial to maintain Susie's respiratory function and prevent further complications. This can be achieved by ensuring proper positioning during feeding, monitoring for signs of aspiration such as coughing or choking, and working with the healthcare team to develop a safe feeding plan. Option A) Prevent infection, while important, is not as immediate a concern as preventing aspiration in this situation. Option C) Prevent bleeding is not directly related to the primary issue of tracheoesophageal fistula and would be a secondary consideration. Option D) Provide oxygenation is important but addressing the risk of aspiration takes precedence in this scenario to prevent respiratory compromise and potential life-threatening consequences. Educationally, understanding the priority interventions in pediatric patients with specific respiratory conditions like tracheoesophageal fistula is essential for nurses caring for these vulnerable populations. By prioritizing prevention of aspiration, nurses can optimize patient outcomes and provide safe, effective care tailored to the individual needs of the child.
Question 3 of 5
Sonya's small stature was probably due to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Failure to absorb nutrients because of the lack of pancreatic enzymes. Sonya's small stature is likely due to malabsorption of nutrients, specifically because of the lack of pancreatic enzymes needed for proper digestion and absorption of food. In conditions like cystic fibrosis, which commonly affects the pancreas, the lack of pancreatic enzymes can lead to poor nutrient absorption and ultimately result in stunted growth. Option A is incorrect because poor appetite and ingestion of less than normal quantities of food, while it can contribute to poor growth, typically would not result in as severe growth failure as seen in this case. Option C is incorrect because a deficiency in pituitary growth hormone would lead to a different pattern of growth failure, often with proportional short stature rather than the severe failure to thrive seen in pancreatic enzyme deficiency. Option D is incorrect because lack of motor activity leading to muscular and bony atrophy would not be the primary cause of Sonya's small stature in this context. Understanding the reasons behind growth failure in pediatric patients, especially in cases involving respiratory distress and malabsorption issues, is crucial for nurses caring for these patients. Recognizing the impact of pancreatic enzyme deficiency on growth can guide appropriate interventions and nutritional support to promote optimal growth and development in these children.
Question 4 of 5
A 2-week-old infant with Down syndrome is being seen in the clinic. The mother tells the nurse that the infant is difficult to hold. 'The baby is like a rag doll and doesn't cuddle up to me like my other babies did.' The nurse interprets the infant's behavior as a
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) result of the physical characteristics of Down syndrome. Infants with Down syndrome may exhibit hypotonia, which is decreased muscle tone. This characteristic can make them feel floppy or like a "rag doll" when being held, as described by the mother. This physical trait is a common feature of Down syndrome and can impact the infant's ability to engage in typical cuddling behaviors. Option A) sign of maternal deprivation is incorrect because the infant's behavior is related to their physical condition rather than maternal care or attachment issues. Option C) sign of detachment and rejection is incorrect as there is no indication of intentional rejection or detachment on the part of the infant. Option D) sign of autism associated with Down syndrome is incorrect because the behavior described is more closely linked to the physical characteristics of Down syndrome rather than autism. From an educational perspective, understanding the physical characteristics associated with genetic conditions like Down syndrome is crucial for healthcare professionals working with pediatric populations. Recognizing these traits can help nurses provide appropriate care and support to both the infant and their family, promoting better outcomes and enhancing the quality of care provided. This case highlights the importance of knowledge about developmental disorders and their impact on infant behavior.
Question 5 of 5
A parent has asked the nurse about how her child can be tested for pinworms. The nurse responds by stating that which is the most common test for diagnosing pinworms in a child?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Tape test prior to defecating. This test involves placing a piece of clear tape near the child's anus in the morning before they defecate. The tape is then examined under a microscope for pinworm eggs, which are indicative of an infection. This method is non-invasive, simple, and cost-effective, making it the most common and preferred test for diagnosing pinworms in children. Option A, three stool specimens at intervals of 4 days, is not the most common test for pinworms. While stool samples can sometimes be used to detect pinworm eggs, the tape test is more specific and reliable for diagnosing pinworm infections. Option B, observation for the presence of worms after the child defecates, is not a recommended diagnostic method. Pinworms are typically small and difficult to see with the naked eye, making this method unreliable for diagnosis. Option D, a lower GI series, is not typically used to diagnose pinworm infections. This imaging study is more invasive and not necessary for the diagnosis of pinworms, which can be easily confirmed through non-invasive methods like the tape test. In an educational context, understanding the most appropriate and commonly used diagnostic tests for common childhood infections like pinworms is crucial for nurses working in pediatric healthcare settings. By knowing the most effective methods for diagnosis, nurses can ensure accurate and timely identification of infections, leading to appropriate treatment and improved outcomes for pediatric patients.