ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 B Questions
Question 1 of 5
The most common dose-limiting toxicity of chemotherapy is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Myelosuppression, the suppression of bone marrow activity, is the most common dose-limiting toxicity of chemotherapy. It leads to reduced production of blood cells, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets, increasing the risk of infections, anemia, and bleeding. While nausea, vomiting, and mucositis are significant side effects, they can often be managed with supportive care. Myelosuppression, however, can be life-threatening and frequently requires dose adjustments or delays in treatment. Bloody stools are less common and typically not the primary dose-limiting factor.
Question 2 of 5
The female client has a fungal infection and will receive nystatin (Mycostatin). What assessment data is critical for the nurse to review prior to administering this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nystatin is an antifungal medication used to treat fungal infections, such as candidiasis. Before administration, assessing whether the client could be pregnant is critical because nystatin's safety in pregnancy is not fully established (Category C), meaning potential risks to the fetus cannot be ruled out without further evaluation. This makes pregnancy status a key safety consideration to prevent harm to an unborn child, outweighing other factors in urgency. The type of diet or amount of fat might influence general health or drug absorption minimally but isn't directly critical to nystatin's administration. Height and weight could affect dosing in some medications, but nystatin's dosing is typically standard and not weight-based for most fungal infections. Thus, confirming pregnancy status ensures the drug's safety profile aligns with the client's condition, making choice C the most critical assessment data to review prior to administration.
Question 3 of 5
A busy patient with many responsibilities is to have a medication ordered to treat her hypertension. To increase compliance with drug therapy, what drug would be a good choice for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metoprolol would be the best choice because it has an extended-release form that only needs to be taken once a day, which should increase patient compliance. Acebutolol, atenolol, and bisoprolol do not come in extended-release forms. The nurse should consider the patient’s lifestyle and preferences when selecting antihypertensive medications to improve adherence.
Question 4 of 5
Regarding glucocorticoids:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cortisol is indeed the primary human glucocorticoid, a true statement regulating metabolism and stress. Normal cortisol secretion is ~10-20 mg/day, not 100 mg, so that's false. ACTH suppression occurs rapidly (hours), true. Cortisol absence heightens catecholamine sensitivity, true, as in Addison's disease. Leukocyte/macrophage inhibition is a glucocorticoid action, not its absence. Cortisol's role as the major glucocorticoid underpins its therapeutic mimicry (e.g., hydrocortisone) in adrenal insufficiency.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months complains of having a persistent dry cough. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The persistent dry cough mentioned by the patient is a well-known adverse effect of ACE inhibitors. This side effect is due to the accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs, leading to irritation and stimulation of cough receptors. If a patient taking an ACE inhibitor develops a persistent dry cough, it is essential to notify the healthcare provider to consider alternative antihypertensive medications to manage the hypertension effectively without causing this bothersome side effect.