ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The MOST common clue of physical abuse in children is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, identifying signs of physical abuse in children is crucial to ensure their safety and well-being. The MOST common clue of physical abuse in children being a history of inflicted trauma (Option A) is correct because often abusers will provide inconsistent or implausible explanations for a child's injuries. This history is a key indicator for healthcare providers to investigate further and protect the child from ongoing abuse. Option B, burn marks, while a possible sign of physical abuse, are not as common as a history of inflicted trauma. Burns can also result from accidents or other medical conditions, making them less specific to abuse. Option C, bruises, are also a common sign of physical abuse, but the most telling clue is usually the history provided rather than the presence of bruises alone. Bruises can also be caused by accidental trauma or medical conditions. Option D, intestinal injury, is not typically the most common clue of physical abuse in children. While internal injuries can occur in cases of severe abuse, they are less common than external signs like a history of inflicted trauma. Educationally, understanding the subtleties of identifying physical abuse in children is crucial for healthcare providers working with pediatric patients. By recognizing the most common clues, such as a history of inflicted trauma, nurses can advocate for the safety of vulnerable children and ensure appropriate interventions are implemented to protect them from harm.
Question 2 of 5
A 6 -g, breast-fed white female, weeks' gestational age, is noted to have persistent hyperbilirubinemia at weeks of age On physical examination, the infant has not gained weight since birth and has decreased tone, an umbilical hernia, and an anterior fontanel measuring X 6 cm The most likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Hypothyroidism. In this scenario, the infant presents with signs and symptoms suggestive of congenital hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism can lead to jaundice, poor weight gain, decreased tone, umbilical hernia, and a large anterior fontanelle. Option A) Crigler-Najjar syndrome is characterized by unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, not associated with the symptoms described. Option B) Gilbert disease typically presents with mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia without the other physical findings mentioned. Option C) Biliary atresia presents with jaundice and hepatomegaly, but not the specific constellation of symptoms described. Educationally, understanding the clinical presentation of hypothyroidism in infants is crucial for pediatric nurses. Early detection and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism are essential to prevent long-term complications like developmental delays. Nurses play a key role in screening, monitoring, and educating families about the importance of thyroid function in infants.
Question 3 of 5
Reasons to avoid the early discharge of a normal term infant include all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, the early discharge of a normal term infant is a critical decision that requires careful consideration to ensure the health and well-being of the newborn. The correct answer, D) Two successful feedings, is the exception among the listed options. This is because successful feedings alone do not guarantee the overall health and stability of the infant. Option A) Jaundice evident on day - Jaundice in a newborn requires monitoring and, in some cases, treatment to prevent complications. Discharging a jaundiced infant early may lead to inadequate follow-up and management. Option B) Positive VDRL - A positive VDRL test indicates the presence of syphilis, a serious infection that can have detrimental effects on the infant's health. Early discharge without proper treatment and monitoring can lead to severe consequences. Option C) Bleeding after circumcision - Bleeding after circumcision is a potential complication that requires close observation and intervention. Discharging the infant before ensuring the bleeding is under control can result in further complications. Educationally, understanding the reasons to avoid early discharge of newborns is crucial for nursing students and healthcare providers. It emphasizes the importance of comprehensive assessment, monitoring, and follow-up care to promote the health and safety of newborns. This knowledge helps in making informed decisions and providing quality care to infants and their families.
Question 4 of 5
Jaundice appearing on day of life suggests all of the above EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is D) Fetal-to-maternal transfusion. Jaundice appearing on the first day of life is known as neonatal jaundice. It is typically due to an immature liver being unable to efficiently process bilirubin, leading to its accumulation in the blood and subsequent yellowing of the skin and eyes. A) TORCH infections are a group of infections that can be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, causing various issues including jaundice. B) Erythroblastosis fetalis is caused by Rh incompatibility between the mother and baby, leading to the mother's antibodies attacking the baby's red blood cells and causing jaundice. C) ABO incompatibility occurs when the mother's blood type is different from the baby's, leading to jaundice due to the baby's immune system attacking the red blood cells. Educationally, understanding the different causes of neonatal jaundice is crucial for pediatric nurses to provide appropriate care. Recognizing the specific etiology helps in implementing timely interventions, such as phototherapy or exchange transfusions, to prevent complications like kernicterus. It also highlights the importance of thorough assessment and knowledge of maternal-fetal blood type compatibility to identify and address jaundice promptly in newborns.
Question 5 of 5
The tools needed to recognize early symptoms of mental disorders are called
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, recognizing early symptoms of mental disorders is crucial for providing timely and effective interventions. The correct answer is option A) Mental Health Action Signs. This option is correct because it highlights the proactive approach needed to identify signs indicating the presence of mental health issues in children. By using the term "Action Signs," it emphasizes the need for immediate attention and intervention when these signs are observed. Option B) Mental Health Tools is incorrect because it is too broad and does not specifically address the aspect of early symptom recognition. While tools may be used in the assessment and diagnosis of mental disorders, the focus of the question is on the early identification of symptoms. Option C) Mental Health Indicators is incorrect because it does not convey the sense of urgency and action needed in recognizing early symptoms. Indicators may suggest the presence of a mental health issue, but they do not necessarily prompt immediate action. Option D) Mental Health Screening Tests is incorrect as well because screening tests are more formal assessments conducted after initial signs or symptoms have been identified. They are not the first step in recognizing early symptoms of mental disorders in pediatric patients. In an educational context, understanding the terminology and approach to identifying early symptoms of mental disorders in children is essential for pediatric nurses. By recognizing actionable signs early on, healthcare providers can intervene promptly to provide the necessary support and care for children experiencing mental health challenges. This question highlights the importance of vigilance and knowledge in pediatric mental health assessment, emphasizing the need for proactive observation and response in clinical practice.