ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Review Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The MOST common clue of physical abuse in children is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, it is crucial to be able to recognize signs of physical abuse in children to ensure their safety and well-being. The correct answer to this question is A) history of inflicted trauma. This is because a history of inflicted trauma is often the most common and reliable clue of physical abuse in children. When a child presents with injuries that are not consistent with the reported history or seem suspicious, it raises red flags for possible abuse. Option B) burn marks, Option C) bruises, and Option D) intestinal injury are commonly seen in physically abused children as well. However, these physical signs alone may not always definitively point to abuse, as they can sometimes be explained by other factors such as accidents or medical conditions. It is the thorough assessment of the history of trauma that often provides the most reliable indication of abuse in children. Educationally, understanding the nuances of recognizing signs of physical abuse in children is essential for nurses and healthcare professionals working with pediatric populations. By emphasizing the importance of looking beyond just physical signs and considering the context and history of injuries, healthcare providers can better advocate for the safety and well-being of their pediatric patients.
Question 2 of 5
A 6 -g, breast-fed white female, weeks' gestational age, is noted to have persistent hyperbilirubinemia at weeks of age On physical examination, the infant has not gained weight since birth and has decreased tone, an umbilical hernia, and an anterior fontanel measuring X 6 cm The most likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this case, the correct answer is D) Hypothyroidism. The infant presents with signs and symptoms consistent with congenital hypothyroidism, also known as cretinism. This condition can lead to persistent hyperbilirubinemia, poor weight gain, decreased tone, umbilical hernia, and delayed fontanel closure. Option A) Crigler-Najjar syndrome is a rare genetic disorder leading to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia but would not present with the other signs observed in the infant. Option B) Gilbert disease is a benign condition causing mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia without the associated physical findings. Option C) Biliary atresia presents with jaundice, but not with the specific constellation of symptoms seen in this case. Educationally, understanding the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism in infants is crucial for pediatric nursing practice. Recognizing these signs early can lead to prompt diagnosis and treatment, preventing potential complications associated with untreated hypothyroidism in infants.
Question 3 of 5
Reasons to avoid the early discharge of a normal term infant include all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, it is crucial to understand why early discharge of a normal term infant should be avoided to ensure optimal health outcomes. The correct answer, option D, "Two successful feedings," is the exception because successful feedings indicate that the infant is able to feed adequately, which is a positive sign for discharge. Option A, "Jaundice evident on day," is a reason to avoid early discharge as jaundice in newborns can be a sign of underlying health issues that require monitoring and intervention. Option B, "Positive VDRL," indicates the presence of syphilis which can have serious implications for the infant's health and requires treatment and monitoring. Option C, "Bleeding after circumcision," can be a complication that needs close monitoring and care before considering discharge. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of thorough assessment and monitoring before discharging a newborn. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to consider various factors that could impact the infant's health and well-being. Understanding these reasons helps nurses provide comprehensive care and make informed decisions regarding the discharge of newborns.
Question 4 of 5
Jaundice appearing on day of life suggests all of the above EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is option D) Fetal-to-maternal transfusion. Jaundice appearing on the first day of life is suggestive of pathological causes of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. Fetal-to-maternal transfusion typically presents with jaundice within the first 24 hours. Option A) TORCH infections are a group of infections that can cause fetal anomalies but typically present with jaundice after the first day of life. Option B) Erythroblastosis fetalis, also known as hemolytic disease of the newborn, is caused by Rh or other blood group incompatibility between the mother and fetus. Jaundice in this condition usually appears after the first day. Option C) ABO incompatibility can also lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn but, like erythroblastosis fetalis, the jaundice usually appears after the first day. Educationally, understanding the timing of jaundice onset in newborns is crucial for pediatric nurses to differentiate between various causes and provide appropriate care. Early recognition of fetal-to-maternal transfusion can prompt timely interventions to manage hyperbilirubinemia and prevent complications in the newborn.
Question 5 of 5
The tools needed to recognize early symptoms of mental disorders are called
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Mental Health Action Signs. In pediatric nursing, early recognition of mental disorders is crucial for timely intervention and support. Mental Health Action Signs are tools that help healthcare providers, parents, and caregivers identify early symptoms of mental health issues in children. These signs prompt action to seek appropriate evaluation and treatment for the child. Option B) Mental Health Tools is too broad and does not specifically address the aspect of recognizing early symptoms. Option C) Mental Health Indicators is also vague and does not emphasize the proactive nature of identifying early signs. Option D) Mental Health Screening Tests refers to formal assessments conducted by professionals rather than simple tools for early symptom recognition, which is the focus of the question. In an educational context, understanding the importance of recognizing early symptoms of mental disorders in children is essential for pediatric nurses. By using Mental Health Action Signs, nurses can promptly intervene to provide the necessary support and resources, thus improving the overall mental health outcomes for children. It highlights the proactive role that healthcare providers play in promoting mental well-being in pediatric populations.