The most common cause of immediate postpartum haemorrhage is uterine atony, not trauma to the genital tract.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Uterine atony is the most common cause of immediate postpartum hemorrhage due to inadequate uterine contraction to control bleeding. This is supported by research and clinical evidence. Trauma to the genital tract is a less common cause and usually leads to delayed hemorrhage. Choice B is incorrect as uterine atony is a well-documented primary cause. Choice C is incorrect as uterine atony is consistently the leading cause. Choice D is incorrect as the cause of immediate postpartum hemorrhage is clear, with uterine atony being the most common culprit.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Sulfadoxine Pyrimethamine is recommended for pregnant women in malaria endemic areas due to its safety and efficacy in preventing malaria during pregnancy. Step 2: Pregnant women are at higher risk of severe complications from malaria, making prophylaxis crucial. Step 3: The World Health Organization recommends intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine Pyrimethamine for pregnant women in malaria-endemic areas. Step 4: Option A aligns with these guidelines, making it the correct choice. Summary: Option B is incorrect because pregnant women are considered at risk regardless of testing. Option C is incorrect as the timing of administration is not based on quickening. Option D is incorrect as the recommended number of doses may vary based on guidelines.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Placenta praevia is more common in women with a history of multiple pregnancies (Grandmultiparity), as repeated stretching of the uterine wall can lead to abnormal placental implantation. Preeclampsia is a separate condition associated with hypertension in pregnancy. Placenta fenestrate and placenta increta are specific placental abnormalities but do not directly cause placenta praevia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct: 1. Pregnancy can lead to severe anaemia due to increased demand for iron and folate. 2. Pregnancy-induced physiological changes can exacerbate malaria-related anaemia. 3. Severe jaundice may occur in pregnant women with malaria due to liver dysfunction. 4. These effects are common during pregnancy and can worsen with malaria infection. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: - Choice B: Blood smear positivity is not always guaranteed in malaria, and severe anaemia is not the only effect. - Choice C: Therapy limitations can occur, but the presence of few parasites in severe cases is not a defining feature. - Choice D: Loss of pregnancy can happen, but it is not a universal effect of malaria during pregnancy, and severity is not based on parasite count alone.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Placental insufficiency. A bipartite placenta and succenturiate lobe are structural abnormalities that can lead to placental insufficiency. This is because these conditions can interfere with proper blood flow and nutrient exchange between the mother and fetus, resulting in decreased oxygen and nutrients reaching the fetus, leading to placental insufficiency. Placental abruption (choice A), placental calcification (choice B), and placenta previa (choice C) are not directly associated with bipartite placenta or succenturiate lobe and do not specifically cause placental insufficiency.