ATI RN
Questions On The Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The most appropriate snack for the nurse to offer the patient with chronic renal disease is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hard candy (sugar) suits chronic renal disease, avoiding raisins (potassium), ice cream (protein), and pickles (sodium) unrestricted unless diabetic. This distinguishes dietary safety, key for electrolyte balance, contrasting with high-risk options.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with minimal change disease is least likely to have:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Minimal change disease (MCD) causes nephrotic syndrome: hypoproteinemia, edema, albuminuria, and hyperlipidemia but hypertension is less common (more in glomerulonephritis). This distinguishes MCD's presentation, key for differential diagnosis, contrasting with hypertensive nephropathies.
Question 3 of 5
The Renal blood flow is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Renal blood flow (20-25% cardiac output) decreases with sympathetic stimulation (vasoconstriction), not 5%, medullary dominance, or universal BP effect (autoregulated). This distinguishes renal hemodynamics, key for stress response, contrasting with flow distribution.
Question 4 of 5
In macula densa, the changes include all of the followings EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Macula densa cells (DCT) have darker nuclei, cilia, and cuboidal shape for sensing not loss of basement membrane (structural integrity). This distinguishes macula densa's role, key for tubuloglomerular feedback, contrasting with structural loss.
Question 5 of 5
The anterior surface of the kidneys (either right or left) is related directly to the following structure without intervening peritoneum:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Right kidney's anterior surface contacts the liver (bare area) without peritoneum not pancreas, spleen, stomach, or colon (peritonealized). This distinguishes renal relations, key for surgical anatomy, contrasting with peritoneal structures.