The minimum time in washing each hand should never be below:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (15 seconds) as recommended by health authorities. Washing hands thoroughly for at least 15 seconds ensures proper removal of dirt, germs, and viruses. This duration allows for adequate friction and coverage of all areas of the hands, including between fingers and under nails. Option A (5 seconds) is too short and insufficient for effective cleaning. Option B (10 seconds) may not provide thorough cleaning, especially in challenging situations. Option D (30 seconds) is longer than necessary and may not offer additional benefits compared to 15 seconds. Therefore, option C is the most appropriate choice for proper hand hygiene.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A - Place the client in supine position Rationale: 1. When administering tube feeding to a client with a tracheostomy, the head of the bed should be elevated at least 30 degrees to prevent aspiration. 2. Placing the client in a supine position increases the risk of aspiration and compromises safety. 3. The supine position can lead to reflux of feeding contents into the trachea, causing respiratory complications. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: Aspirating residual stomach contents is a standard practice to prevent overfeeding, not directly related to compromising safety. C: Determining tube placement is essential for safety, so this action does not compromise safety. D: Checking bowel sounds is unrelated to the administration of tube feeding to a client with a tracheostomy and does not compromise safety.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because encouraging fluid intake helps prevent urinary stasis and reduces the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Adequate hydration promotes urine flow, preventing sediment buildup in the catheter. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is unnecessary and can introduce infection risk. Choice B is incorrect because disconnecting the drainage system can introduce infection. Choice D is incorrect because burning and irritation at the meatus are not normal and should be reported to healthcare providers for assessment and intervention.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sputum culture and sensitivity. This test is crucial in determining the specific bacteria causing pneumonia and their sensitivity to antibiotics, guiding appropriate treatment. A: Arterial blood gas measures oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, not helpful for antibiotic selection. B: Chest X-ray confirms pneumonia diagnosis but doesn't identify the causative organism. C: Complete blood count shows general infection markers, not specific for antibiotic selection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to obtain the baseline weight. This is important to assess the degree of fluid loss due to diarrhea. By comparing the baseline weight with subsequent weights, the nurse can determine the severity of dehydration and guide the appropriate treatment. Checking blood pressure (B), drawing blood for serum electrolyte levels (C), and asking about extremity numbness or tingling (D) are important assessments but should come after obtaining the baseline weight to prioritize immediate management of dehydration.