The micturition reflex is centered in the

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Micturition reflex integrates in the sacral spinal cord (S2-S4), not medulla (respiration), hypothalamus (hormones), or lumbar (lower). This locates reflex center, key for bladder control, contrasting with higher regions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: PCT removal halts reabsorption (65% filtrate), stopping urine formation, not unaffected, concentrated, or diluted. This underscores PCT's role, critical for filtrate processing, contrasting with later adjustments.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Kidneys synthesize calcitriol, secrete erythropoietin, and perform gluconeogenesis all apply. This encompasses metabolic roles, vital for homeostasis, contrasting with single contributions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Renal corpuscle comprises Bowman's capsule and glomerular capillaries, not collecting duct, arteries, or loop. This defines corpuscle, key for filtration, contrasting with tubular parts.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Efferent vessel is an arteriole, not venule, capillaries, or artery. This specifies glomerular vasculature, key for pressure, contrasting with venous or capillary terms.