The medulla oblongata:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The medulla oblongata extends through the foramen magnum, connecting the brain to the spinal cord. It lies below the pons, not between midbrain and pons, and has multiple cranial nerves (e.g., IX, X, XII), not just trigeminal (V). Pyramids are medial to olives.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The great toe is supplied by the L5 dermatome, covering the lateral leg and dorsal foot. L4 supplies the medial foot, and S1 the lateral foot.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Brown-Sequard syndrome (cord hemisection) causes ipsilateral motor/touch/proprioception loss (corticospinal/dorsal columns) and contralateral pain/temperature loss (spinothalamic). The cord ends at L1-L2, and corticospinal is key.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The infraorbital nerve is a maxillary (V2) branch, not ophthalmic (V1). Lacrimal, supraorbital, and infratrochlear are V1 branches.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Damage to Broca’s area (frontal lobe) causes motor (expressive) aphasia. It’s typically left-sided regardless of handedness, anterior, and Wernicke’s handles comprehension.