ATI RN
Immune System Quiz Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The major histocompatibility complex was given its name because the genes in this complex influence:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a crucial role in the immune system by determining whether transplanted organs or cells will be accepted or rejected. MHC molecules present antigens to T cells, which then trigger an immune response leading to acceptance or rejection. Choice A is incorrect because T cell receptor gene rearrangement is not directly influenced by the MHC. Choice C is incorrect as MHC does not directly polarize T helper cells. Choice D is incorrect because MHC does not directly regulate the ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in an individual.
Question 2 of 5
Match the immunoglobulins with their primary functions:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D. Immunoglobulins are antibodies with different functions: 1. IgG (C) - Main antibody in secondary immune response. 2. IgA (A) - Found in mucosal areas, neutralizes pathogens. 3. IgM (B) - First antibody produced in primary immune response. 4. IgE (D) - Involved in allergic reactions and defense against parasites. Other choices are incorrect as they mismatch the immunoglobulins with their functions.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is an example of a live attenuated bacterial vaccine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Typhoid. Live attenuated vaccines contain weakened forms of the pathogen that can replicate in the host to stimulate a strong immune response without causing disease. Typhoid vaccine is an example of a live attenuated bacterial vaccine because it contains weakened Salmonella typhi bacteria. Cholera (A), Anthrax (C), and Plague (D) vaccines are not live attenuated bacterial vaccines; they are either killed/inactivated or subunit vaccines. Live attenuated vaccines provide longer-lasting immunity compared to other vaccine types.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse notes that a patient's eosinophil level is elevated. For which health problem should the nurse plan care for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The elevated eosinophil level indicates an allergic reaction. Eosinophils are white blood cells involved in allergic responses. They increase in response to allergens. Allergic reactions involve the immune system's response to harmless substances, triggering the release of eosinophils. Cancer, acute viral infections, and autoimmune diseases typically do not directly cause eosinophil elevation. Therefore, the correct answer is B (Allergic reactions).
Question 5 of 5
During data collection, the nurse learns the patient is allergic to shellfish. Which precautions should be implemented during the patient's hospitalization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: 1. The correct answer is D because it addresses the essential action of noting the patient's allergy on the medical record and communicating it to all caretakers to prevent inadvertent exposure. 2. Choice A is not necessary unless the patient's allergy poses an infection control risk that warrants isolation. 3. Choice B is excessive and not required as long as cross-contamination is prevented during food preparation. 4. Choice C is unrelated to the patient's shellfish allergy and not a standard precaution in this scenario.