The major causes of incidentalomas are

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

A. benign adenomas B. pheochromocytomas C. adrenocortical carcinoma D. hemorrhagic cysts

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Benign adenomas (A) are the most common adrenal incidentalomas.

Familial isolated gonadotropin deficiency associated with anosmia is

A. Noonan syndrome B. Bloom syndrome C. Werner syndrome D. Kallmann syndrome

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Kallmann syndrome (D) features hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia.

Subjects with type 1 DM have evidence for celiac disease in

A. 5-10% B. 11-15% C. 16-20% D. 21-25%

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: 5-10% (A) of type 1 DM patients have celiac disease, per screening studies.

Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma is characterized by the following EXCEPT

A. severe hyperglycemia B. nonketotic acidosis C. severe dehydration D. hypothermia

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma lacks acidosis (B); it features hyperglycemia (A) and dehydration (C).

Signs of insulin resistance or conditions associated with insulin resistance in T2 DM in children include the following EXCEPT

A. acanthosis nigricans B. hypertension C. dyslipidemia D. polycystic ovary syndrome

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: PCOS (E) is associated but not a direct sign of insulin resistance; others (A-D) are.

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