ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The major cause of neonatal mortality in fullterm infant is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Birth asphyxia (A) is the primary cause of neonatal mortality in term infants, reflecting delivery complications, unlike chronic lung disease (B), NEC (C), IVH (D), or RDS (E), which are more preterm-related.
Question 2 of 5
Late neonatal hypocalcemia (after 3 days of life) is often the result of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Late hypocalcemia (>3 days) often stems from high phosphate milk (E), binding calcium, common in formula-fed infants, unlike other causes (A, B, C, D) which are less frequent.
Question 3 of 5
Congenital toxoplasmosis occurs through vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii by transplacental transfer of the organism from the mother to the fetus. All the following statements are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Toxoplasmosis treatment (A), transmission increase with gestation (B), acute infection (C), and severity decrease with gestation (E) are true. Reactivation (D) rarely causes fetal infection, making it false.
Question 4 of 5
Congenital CMV infection proved when CMV detected within the first
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CMV detection within 3 weeks (A) confirms congenital infection, distinguishing it from postnatal acquisition, per diagnostic standards.
Question 5 of 5
A 3-week-old infant presented with poor feeding, maculopapular rash over the palms and soles and around the mouth, and bloody nasal discharge; on examination there are hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy; CBC reveals hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rash on palms/soles, snuffles, hepatosplenomegaly, and anemia at 3 weeks point to congenital syphilis (A), unlike HSV (B), CMV (C), rubella (D), or toxoplasmosis (E) presentations.