ATI RN
Hematology Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The main stay of treatment for congenital hypoplastic anemia is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Corticosteroids (A) are the mainstay for DBA, with ~70% response rate, unlike androgens (B, less effective), ATG (C, for aplastic anemia), or stem cell transplantation (D, E, reserved for non-responders).
Question 2 of 5
Splenectomy is recommended in all the following conditions EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Splenectomy is indicated for severe HS (A), elliptocytosis (B), thalassemia major (D), and refractory ITP (E). Hereditary stomatocytosis (C) often worsens post-splenectomy due to thrombosis risk, making it an exception.
Question 3 of 5
The best assessment of iron overload for patients with thalassemia major is achieved by
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Liver MRI (A) accurately quantifies iron overload in thalassemia major, superior to ferritin (D, fluctuates), serum iron (C), TIBC (E), or invasive marrow biopsy (B).
Question 4 of 5
A 9-month-old child with a hemoglobin concentration of $10 \mathrm{gm} / \mathrm{dL}$ and marked microcytosis; serum iron and total iron binding capacity are within normal limits; serum ferritin and hemoglobin electrophoresis are also normal. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Microcytosis with normal iron studies and electrophoresis in a 9-month-old suggests α-thalassemia trait (D), common and mild. IDA (A) has low ferritin, sideroblastic (B) shows ringed sideroblasts, B-thal (C) alters electrophoresis, and ACD (E) is normocytic.
Question 5 of 5
Fragmentation hemolysis by mechanical injury may be seen in all the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia occurs in Kasabach-Merritt (B), prosthetic valves (C), TTP (D), and HUS (E) due to RBC shearing. Burns (A) cause thermal hemolysis, not fragmentation.