ATI RN
Genitourinary System Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
The main regulator of water reabsorption is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: antidiuretic hormone. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys by increasing permeability of the collecting ducts to water. This allows for reabsorption of more water back into the bloodstream, reducing urine output and maintaining water balance. Renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone are involved in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte balance, not specifically water reabsorption. Therefore, ADH is the main regulator of water reabsorption in the body.
Question 2 of 5
A woman is in the clinic for an annual gynecologic examination. The nurse should plan to begin the interview with the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Menstrual history, because it is generally nonthreatening. Starting with the menstrual history is appropriate as it is a common and noninvasive topic that can help build rapport and make the patient feel more comfortable. It also provides important insights into the patient's overall health and reproductive system. By addressing this topic first, the nurse can establish a foundation for a more in-depth discussion of other aspects of the patient's gynecologic health. Summary of other choices: B: Obstetric history is not the most appropriate to start with as it may not be relevant for all patients during an annual gynecologic examination. C: Urinary system history may not be the most relevant starting point for a routine gynecologic exam and may not be as nonthreatening as discussing menstrual history. D: Sexual history, while important, may be more sensitive and personal for some patients, making it less suitable as an initial topic for building rapport and establishing trust.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a patient's risk of contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI). An appropriate question to ask would be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Do you use a condom with each episode of sexual intercourse?" This question directly assesses the patient's behavior regarding condom use, providing specific information about their risk of contracting STIs. Choice A assumes knowledge without assessing behavior. Choice C assumes the patient already has an STI. Choice D assumes awareness without assessing behavior. Choice B is the most appropriate as it focuses on the specific preventive measure of condom use.
Question 4 of 5
When performing the bimanual examination, the nurse notices that the cervix feels smooth and firm, is round, and is fixed in place (does not move). When cervical palpation is performed, the patient complains of some pain. The nurse's interpretation of these results should be which of these?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (C): 1. The cervix is normally mobile and should move when palpated. A fixed cervix may indicate malignancy. 2. Pain during cervical palpation can be a sign of inflammation, infection, or other abnormalities. 3. Smooth and firm cervix, along with pain, raise suspicion of an underlying issue. 4. Therefore, the nurse should interpret these findings as potentially concerning and further assessment is needed. Summary: Choice A is incorrect because the findings are not within normal limits. Choice B is incorrect as the cervix should not be firm. Choice D is incorrect as pain during palpation is significant and should not be dismissed.
Question 5 of 5
During an examination, the nurse would expect the cervical os of a woman who has never had children to appear:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Small and round. In a woman who has never had children, the cervical os is typically small and round due to the lack of previous childbirth stretching. This is considered normal and expected in nulliparous women. A: Stellate - This is incorrect as a stellate appearance of the cervical os is more commonly associated with trauma or previous childbirth. C: As a horizontal irregular slit - This is incorrect as an irregular slit appearance is more commonly seen in women who have had children. D: Everted - This is incorrect as an everted cervical os is typically seen in conditions such as cervical ectropion or inflammation, not necessarily related to parity status.