ATI RN
Assessment of Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The main reason for the use of combination therapy in the drug treatment of * Tuberculosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The main reason for using combination therapy in tuberculosis treatment is to delay or prevent the emergence of resistance. By using multiple drugs that target different aspects of the bacteria's life cycle, it becomes harder for the bacteria to develop resistance to all drugs simultaneously. This helps to ensure that the treatment remains effective in the long term. Explanation for other choices: A: While combination therapy can sometimes help reduce side effects by using lower doses of each drug, the primary reason for using it in tuberculosis treatment is to prevent resistance, not side effects. C: While combination therapy can increase antimycobacterial activity, the main goal is to prevent resistance, not to enhance the drugs' effects. D: Providing prophylaxis against other bacterial infections is not the main reason for using combination therapy in tuberculosis treatment; the focus is on preventing resistance.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with psychologic disorder is being treated with a drug. Few months * he is worried that he is constantly thirsty and urinates copiously frequently throughout the day and night. Which of the following drugs most likely cause inappropriate secretion of ADH?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lithium. Lithium is known to cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, a condition where the kidneys are unable to respond to antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to excessive urination and thirst. This is due to lithium disrupting the normal function of the kidneys in retaining water. Diazepam (A) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and does not affect ADH secretion. Haloperidol (C) is an antipsychotic that can cause hyperprolactinemia but not inappropriate ADH secretion. Phenytoin (D) is an anticonvulsant and does not impact ADH secretion.
Question 3 of 5
The Na+Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney is blocked * by;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Thiazides. Thiazides inhibit the Na+Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney, leading to increased excretion of sodium and water. This results in diuresis and decreased blood pressure. A: Spironolactone acts on the aldosterone receptor in the collecting duct, not on the Na+Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule. C: Furosemide and D: Ethacrynic acid act on the Na-K-2Cl symporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, not on the Na+Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule.
Question 4 of 5
What volume of glomerular filtrate do adults within the urinary system? make every day?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 1-5 litres. This is the average volume of glomerular filtrate that adults produce daily. The kidneys filter around 180 liters of blood plasma daily, but only 1-5 liters of urine is excreted. The gall bladder (A) stores bile, not involved in urine production. The ureter (C) is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, doesn't relate to the volume of filtrate. 80 liters (D) is too high for daily urine production and would lead to severe dehydration.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements about within the urinary system? antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is incorrect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Without ADH, the proximal parts of the nephron are permeable to water, not impermeable. ADH acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts to increase water reabsorption. This allows the body to retain water and concentrate urine. Choice A (ureter) is not related to ADH and Choice C and D are incomplete options.