ATI RN
Questions On The Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The main function of the nephron is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrons filter blood and form urine not transport (ureters), absorb nutrients (gut), or store waste (bladder). This defines their role, key for renal function, contrasting with downstream or unrelated tasks.
Question 2 of 5
The condition where the kidneys fail to filter waste properly is called:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Renal failure is impaired filtration not hypertension (cause), diabetes (risk), or stones (obstruction). This defines kidney dysfunction, key for prognosis, contrasting with related conditions.
Question 3 of 5
Which condition is characterized by abnormally low urine output?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oliguria is low output (<400 mL/day) not polyuria (excess), anuria (<50 mL), or glycosuria (glucose). This identifies reduced flow, key for renal assessment, contrasting with excess or unrelated terms.
Question 4 of 5
In the medulla of the kidney, the medullary collecting tubules coalesce to form:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Papillary ducts (ducts of Bellini) form from collecting tubules in the medulla, draining into calyces not area cribrosa (papilla tip), rays (cortex), or calyces (collecting). This specifies urine collection, key for excretion, contrasting with earlier structures.
Question 5 of 5
All of the following are TRUE about the juxta-glomerular cells EXCEPT
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: JG cells are in afferent arterioles not DCT (macula densa); other traits (smooth muscle, innervation, RER/Golgi) are true. This corrects location, key for renin secretion, contrasting with DCT misplacement.