The lower shelf of a bedside stand is generally used for storage of these items:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, bedpan and urinal, because the lower shelf of a bedside stand in a healthcare setting is typically used for storing items that are essential for patient care and comfort. Bedpans and urinals are commonly needed for patients who have difficulty getting out of bed to use the bathroom. These items are easily accessible when stored on the lower shelf, allowing healthcare providers to quickly assist patients. A: Water pitcher and cup are usually placed on the top surface of the bedside stand for easy access by the patient. B: Linen and towel are typically stored in a separate linen closet or cart in the patient's room. D: Emesis basin and toothbrush are usually kept on the bedside table or in a designated area for personal hygiene needs. In summary, choice C is correct as it aligns with the practicality and convenience of storing essential items for patient care on the lower shelf of a bedside stand.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a diuretic works by increasing urine formation in the kidneys, leading to increased excretion of water and electrolytes. This helps reduce fluid volume in the body by promoting the removal of excess fluids. Choice B is incorrect because diuretics actually increase urine output, not decrease it. Choice C is incorrect because some diuretics may lead to potassium loss rather than increase potassium levels. Choice D is incorrect because diuretics work by reducing fluid volume through increased urine formation, not by directly reducing fluid volume.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because creating a sign to hang near the bed to alert all staff is essential to ensure proper handling and collection of the 24-hour urine specimen. This step helps prevent any errors or miscommunication among staff members regarding the urine collection process. Explanation: A: Using a specimen kit is important but not the most crucial task when collecting a 24-hour urine specimen. B: Cleaning the perineal area is not directly related to the collection of a 24-hour urine specimen. C: Using strainers to filter all urine is not necessary for a 24-hour urine collection and may not be practical in this context. In summary, option D is the correct choice as it directly addresses the need for clear communication and coordination among staff members during the urine collection process.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: A draining wound. Sterile dressings are necessary for draining wounds to prevent infection and promote proper healing. Draining wounds have an increased risk of contamination, making the use of sterile dressings essential. Choice A, a paper cut, typically does not require a sterile dressing as it is a minor wound. Choice B, an intact wound, does not require a sterile dressing unless there is a risk of infection. Choice D, a clean dry wound, also does not require a sterile dressing as long as it remains clean and dry. In summary, choice C is correct because draining wounds require sterile dressings to prevent infection, while the other choices do not necessarily require sterile dressings unless there are specific risk factors present.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Alveoli. Alveoli are tiny grape-like sacs within the lungs where gas exchange occurs. Oxygen is taken in from the air and carbon dioxide is released. Atria (A) are chambers in the heart, not the lungs. Axilla (B) refers to the armpit area. Arteries (C) are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, not within the lungs. So, the correct answer is D because alveoli are specifically responsible for gas exchange in the lungs.