The loop of Henle pumps sodium ions from the ascending arm to the descending. What is this called?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The countercurrent multiplier in the loop of Henle concentrates urine by moving sodium ions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Lacteals are lymphatic capillaries within the villi that absorb dietary fats.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Polysaccharides, such as starch and cellulose, are complex carbohydrates that store energy or provide structural support.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the buccal cavity due to the action of salivary amylase, which breaks down starches into simpler sugars.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Assimilation involves the incorporation of absorbed nutrients into the cells for energy production or synthesis of new compounds.