ATI RN
Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The long-term complications seen in thalassemia major are associated to which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thalassemia major is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin production. Individuals with thalassemia major require frequent blood transfusions to manage their anemia, leading to iron overload in the body. Over time, this excess iron can accumulate in various organs such as the liver, heart, and endocrine glands, causing damage and dysfunction. This condition is known as hemochromatosis. Long-term complications of hemochromatosis include liver cirrhosis, heart failure, diabetes, and endocrine disorders. Therefore, the long-term complications seen in thalassemia major are primarily associated with hemochromatosis rather than anemia, growth retardation, or splenomegaly.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the ff is the main reason why older clients with AIDS need more care than their younger counterparts?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main reason why older clients with AIDS need more care than their younger counterparts is because older clients have a faster progression of the disease. As a person ages, their immune system tends to weaken, making them more vulnerable to infections and complications from diseases like AIDS. Older individuals may have decreased immune function and lower resilience when combating HIV-related complications compared to younger clients. This faster disease progression necessitates more frequent monitoring, specialized care, and management strategies tailored to the specific needs of older patients with AIDS. Therefore, older clients with AIDS require more support, medical attention, and comprehensive care to address their complex health needs effectively.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse should expect the apical heart rate of a stabilized newborn to be in which range?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A stabilized newborn generally has an apical heart rate in the range of 80 to 100 beats per minute. This range is considered normal for a healthy newborn. It is important for the nurse to monitor the newborn's heart rate closely to ensure that it remains within this expected range. Any significant deviation from this range may indicate an underlying health issue that needs to be addressed promptly. Monitoring heart rate is a critical aspect of newborn care, especially in the immediate postnatal period.
Question 4 of 5
Which medication is most likely included in post-operative care of a child with repair of bladder exstrophy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxybutynin helps control bladder spasms and improves comfort after urinary reconstructive surgery.
Question 5 of 5
Which is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Streptococcus viridans is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis. This group of bacteria consists of various species, including S. sanguinis and S. mutans, which normally reside in the oral cavity and are commonly associated with endocarditis following dental procedures. Streptococcus viridans can enter the bloodstream due to dental work, oral infections, or trauma to the oral tissues, and cause infective endocarditis by adhering to damaged heart valves or endocardium. Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species are other common pathogens associated with endocarditis, but Streptococcus viridans remains the most prevalent causative agent.