ATI RN
Pediatric Genetics Questions
Question 1 of 5
The location of alpha satellite:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alpha satellite DNA is at the centromere (B). Rationale: These repetitive sequences define the centromere, aiding kinetochore attachment, distinct from telomeres or p-arms of acrocentrics.
Question 2 of 5
No fetus at all:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Complete mole (A) has no fetus. Rationale: All-paternal DNA (46, XX/YY) forms placental tissue only; partial moles (triploid) may have fetal remnants.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements is NOT associated with multifactorial disease inheritance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Multifactorial diseases involve genetic and environmental factors (A) and include MS, diabetes, and cancer (C), but late-onset in one person doesn’t inherently increase sibling risk unless shared factors persist (B is not typical). Rationale: Multifactorial inheritance implies polygenic and environmental interplay, not age-specific sibling risk unless familial clustering is evident.
Question 4 of 5
The main treatment for PKU includes:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PKU treatment is a low-protein diet (B). Rationale: Phenylketonuria (PAH gene) prevents phenylalanine metabolism; restricting protein (phenylalanine source) prevents toxic buildup, unlike carbohydrate restriction.
Question 5 of 5
A 7-year-old female complains of a brown-green discharge on her underwear. She has no fever or labial tenderness and denies sexual contact. Her mother states that for the past 4 months her daughter has been taking ballet classes and frequently sleeps in her leotards. The most likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Brown-green discharge in a prepubertal girl with no fever or sexual contact, linked to tight clothing (leotards), suggests nonspecific vaginitis (A). Rationale: Poor hygiene from tight attire causes irritation and discharge; Gardnerella (B), gonorrhea (C), and Chlamydia (D) are less likely without sexual history or specific signs; Candida (E) typically causes white discharge.