ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The lips are lined by ______ epithelium.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: moist stratified squamous epithelium. The lips require a moist lining to prevent dehydration and facilitate movement. Stratified squamous epithelium is ideal for areas subjected to wear and tear, like the lips. The stratified nature provides protection, while the squamous cells allow flexibility and ease of movement. The moist aspect is crucial to maintain hydration and prevent drying out. Summary: - Choice B (dry stratified squamous) is incorrect because the lips need a moist lining. - Choice C (simple columnar) is incorrect because columnar epithelium is not typically found on the lips. - Choice D (pseudostratified columnar) is incorrect as it is not the most suitable type of epithelium for the lips' functions.
Question 2 of 5
The stomach contractions, which move the chyme from near the periphery of the stomach toward the pyloric sphincter, are called
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: mixing waves. Mixing waves are the stomach contractions that help mix the chyme near the periphery of the stomach and move it towards the pyloric sphincter for further digestion. Peristaltic waves (B) are rhythmic contractions that propel food through the digestive system, not specifically in the stomach. The pyloric pump (A) is not a recognized term in gastrointestinal physiology. Mass movements (D) refer to contractions in the large intestine that move feces towards the rectum, not in the stomach.
Question 3 of 5
The liver combines a toxic by-product of amino acid metabolism, ammonia, with another waste product, carbon dioxide, to form the water-soluble ______, which is excreted in the kidneys.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C: urea. Ammonia is toxic and needs to be converted into a less toxic form for excretion. The liver combines ammonia with carbon dioxide to form urea through the urea cycle. Urea is water-soluble and is excreted by the kidneys in urine. Cholesterol (A) is a lipid molecule, bilirubin (B) is a by-product of heme metabolism, and uric acid (D) is a by-product of purine metabolism. These molecules are not formed from the combination of ammonia and carbon dioxide and are not excreted in the kidneys.
Question 4 of 5
After eating or drinking dairy products like cheese and milk, you have intestinal cramps, bloating and diarrhea. You most likely have
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: lactose intolerance. This is due to the inability to digest lactose, the sugar found in dairy products, leading to symptoms like intestinal cramps, bloating, and diarrhea. This is a common condition caused by a deficiency of lactase enzyme. Choice B: Diabetes mellitus, Type I, is incorrect as it is an autoimmune condition affecting insulin production, not digestion of dairy products. Choice C: Heartburn is incorrect as it is a symptom of acid reflux, not related to dairy product intolerance. Choice D: Peritonitis is incorrect as it is an inflammation of the abdominal lining, usually caused by infection or injury, not related to dairy product intolerance.
Question 5 of 5
Select the single most accurate statement about the absorptive area of the human intestine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the presence of folds, villi, and microvilli on the surface of enterocytes significantly increases the absorptive area of the intestine. The folds increase the surface area, villi further increase the surface area, and microvilli further amplify the absorptive surface. This intricate structure allows for efficient absorption of nutrients. Option A is incorrect as the absorptive area is not equivalent to a tennis court. Option B is incorrect because not all options are correct. Option C is incorrect because changes in motility can affect nutrient absorption but do not directly relate to the absorptive area of the intestine like the structural features mentioned in option D.