ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The leukocyte that is not involved in phagocytosis but does secrete the anticoagulant heparin is the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Basophils release heparin (anticoagulant) and histamine but are not phagocytic. Monocytes and eosinophils phagocytose pathogens, and lymphocytes are involved in adaptive immunity, not heparin secretion.
Question 2 of 5
Peripheral vascular resistance can be best gauged by
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) is best reflected by diastolic blood pressure, as it represents the baseline pressure maintained by arteriolar tone when the heart isn’t pumping. Pulse pressure reflects arterial elasticity, mean arterial pressure balances systole/diastole, and systolic pressure peaks with ventricular contraction, not resistance.
Question 3 of 5
A client in the primary care clinic has poor peripheral perfusion due to peripheral tissue perfusion. Which of the following would be a modifiable risk factor in the prevention of decreased tissue perfusion? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: hypertension are modifiable via lifestyle or medication, improving perfusion. Gender (B) and age (D) are non-modifiable. (Source: Document, p. 12-13; adapted, multi-select noted)
Question 4 of 5
The visceral serous pericardium is also known as the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The visceral serous pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardial sac, adhering to the heart’s surface, and is synonymous with the epicardium (B). The endocardium (A) lines the heart chambers, fibrous pericardium (C) is the outer tough layer, and myocardium (D) is the muscular layer.
Question 5 of 5
The heart wall receives blood from the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The heart wall (myocardium) is supplied oxygenated blood by coronary arteries (B) branching from the aorta. Blood in chambers (A) doesn’t nourish the wall, cardiac veins (C) drain it, and pulmonary arteries (D) supply lungs.