ATI RN
Pediatric Research Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The LEAST important advice for a 2-month-old baby with excessive crying is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Changing formula may not address refusal due to developmental factors.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has just started assessing a young child who is febrile and appears very ill. There is hyperextension of the child's head (opisthotonos) with pain on flexion. Which is the most appropriate action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Referring the child for immediate medical evaluation is the most appropriate action in this scenario. The symptoms described, including hyperextension of the head (opisthotonos) with pain on flexion, are concerning for meningitis, a serious infection that can rapidly progress and lead to serious complications if not treated promptly. Seeking immediate medical intervention is crucial to assess and manage the child's condition effectively. Continuing with the assessment or asking about a neck injury is not recommended as the priority is to address the potential medical emergency. Recording the "head lag" without taking immediate action could delay necessary medical treatment.
Question 3 of 5
Daya's child is scheduled for surgerydue to myelomeningocele; the primary reason for surgical repair is which of thefollowing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary reason for surgical repair of myelomeningocele is to correct the neurologic defect caused by this type of birth defect. Myelomeningocele is a form of spina bifida where the spinal cord and its covering are exposed through an opening in the spine. Surgical closure of the defect is performed to protect the spinal cord and nerves, prevent further damage, and potentially improve long-term outcomes for the child. While preventing complications like hydrocephalus or infection may be important secondary goals of the treatment, the main objective of surgery for myelomeningocele is to address the underlying neurologic defect itself.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a preterm newborn. Which interventions should the nurse implement for skin care? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Using cleaning agents with neutral pH is important for the delicate skin of a preterm newborn to prevent irritation and damage.
Question 5 of 5
A 70-year old male diagnosed with BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) asks the nurse about his disease. The best response would be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C, "As you age, hormonal imbalances are the more likely cause of your disease," is the best response. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in aging men characterized by an enlarged prostate gland. It is predominantly influenced by hormonal changes, specifically the imbalance between levels of testosterone and estrogen as men age. This hormonal imbalance leads to the proliferation of prostatic tissue and subsequent enlargement of the prostate gland, causing symptoms such as urinary frequency, urgency, weak stream, and difficulty emptying the bladder. Chronic infection of the urinary tract (Option A) and chronic cigarette smoking (Option B) are not the primary causes of BPH. While chronic obstruction of the bladder due to a stone (Option D) can cause similar symptoms to BPH, the underlying etiology of BPH is related to hormonal changes associated with aging.