ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
The layer of tissue beneath the mucosa is called the:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Submucosa. The submucosa is the layer of tissue beneath the mucosa in the gastrointestinal tract. It contains blood vessels, nerves, and glands that support the mucosa. Muscularis externa (A) is the layer of smooth muscle responsible for peristalsis. Circular muscle (B) is a type of muscle fiber found within the muscularis externa. Serosa (C) is the outermost layer of the digestive tract that provides protection and secretes fluid. The submucosa (D) is the correct answer because it is the layer directly beneath the mucosa and plays a crucial role in supporting and nourishing the mucosal layer.
Question 2 of 5
A patient's capillary blood glucose level is 120 mg/dL 6 hours after the nurse initiated a parenteral nutrition (PN) infusion. What is the appropriate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Obtain a venous blood glucose specimen. This is the appropriate action because capillary blood glucose levels can be inaccurate during PN infusions due to the high glucose content of the PN solution. Venous blood glucose levels provide a more accurate assessment of the patient's glycemic status. Slowing the infusion rate (Choice B) may not address the underlying issue of inaccurate readings. Rechecking capillary blood glucose levels (Choice C) will likely yield the same inaccurate results. Contacting the healthcare provider for infusion rate changes (Choice D) may be necessary but should be based on accurate glucose levels.
Question 3 of 5
A 72-yr-old male patient with dehydration caused by an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis is receiving 5% dextrose in normal saline at 125 mL/hour. Which assessment finding by the nurse is most important to report to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Patient has not voided for the last 2 hours. This is the most important assessment finding to report because it indicates potential acute kidney injury or renal failure, especially in a dehydrated patient. The lack of urine output suggests the kidneys are not functioning properly, which can lead to serious complications. A: Skin dryness and poor turgor are expected findings in a dehydrated patient and may improve with fluid resuscitation. C: Crackles heard halfway up the posterior chest may indicate fluid overload, but the lack of urine output is a more immediate concern. D: 5 loose stools over 6 hours can contribute to dehydration but is not as critical as the lack of urine output indicating potential renal issues.
Question 4 of 5
The following are true of the tongue except which one?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the tongue does not attach to the temporal bone. A is true as the tongue contains skeletal muscle. B is true as the tongue attaches to the hyoid bone. D is true as the tongue contains papillae for taste sensation. The tongue's attachment to the temporal bone is incorrect because it attaches to the hyoid bone and other muscles in the oral cavity for movement and function.
Question 5 of 5
Secretin from the duodenum causes the pancreas to produce secretions rich in _____.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Secretin is released by the duodenum in response to acidic chyme. It stimulates the pancreas to produce bicarbonate-rich secretions to neutralize the acidic chyme entering the small intestine. Bicarbonate helps maintain the optimal pH for pancreatic enzymes to function effectively. Proteolytic enzymes, amylase, and lipase are pancreatic enzymes but are not specifically influenced by secretin.