The law which regulated the practice of nursing profession in the Philippines is:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology, understanding the legal framework that governs nursing practice is crucial for ensuring safe and effective patient care. In the Philippines, the law that specifically regulates the practice of nursing is Republic Act 9173. This law, also known as the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002, outlines the scope of practice, qualifications, and standards of nursing care in the country. Option A, R.A 9173, is the correct answer because it directly pertains to the regulation of the nursing profession in the Philippines. This law establishes the legal basis for nursing practice, ensuring that nurses adhere to standards that promote patient safety and quality care. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not specifically address the regulation of nursing practice in the Philippines. LOI 949 pertains to a different issue, the Patient's Bill of Rights focuses on patient rights, and the Code of Ethics for Nurses provides ethical guidelines but does not have the legal authority to regulate the nursing profession. Educationally, knowing the legal framework that governs nursing practice is essential for pharmacology students and healthcare professionals. Understanding these regulations helps ensure that medications are administered safely, following legal and ethical standards, ultimately contributing to positive patient outcomes. It is important for pharmacology students to be well-versed in the laws and regulations that impact their practice to provide competent and ethical care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A) At the level of the heart. When measuring blood pressure, it is essential to position the client's arm at the level of the heart to ensure accurate readings. Placing the arm at heart level helps minimize the effects of hydrostatic pressure on the blood pressure measurement. This positioning allows for a more precise assessment of the true blood pressure within the arteries. Option B) Slightly above the level of the heart is incorrect because positioning the arm above the heart can lead to falsely low blood pressure readings due to decreased hydrostatic pressure on the arterial system. Option C) At the 5th intercostal space midclavicular line is incorrect as this is a reference point for auscultation of heart sounds and not for blood pressure measurement. Option D) Below the level of the heart is incorrect because placing the arm below heart level can result in falsely high blood pressure readings due to increased hydrostatic pressure on the arterial system. Educationally, understanding the importance of proper arm positioning during blood pressure measurement is crucial for healthcare professionals to obtain accurate readings and provide appropriate care for patients. By ensuring the arm is at heart level, healthcare providers can improve the reliability of blood pressure assessments and enhance patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In obtaining a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity on a catheterized patient, the nurse must follow proper aseptic technique to prevent contamination. Option D, disconnecting the tube, obtaining a sterile syringe, and drawing the specimen from the tube, is correct because it allows for direct collection of urine from the catheter without introducing external contaminants. By disconnecting the tube, the nurse can obtain a pure sample for accurate testing. Option A is incorrect because clamping the catheter can lead to urine reflux and potential contamination. Alcoholizing the tube above the clamp site is unnecessary and can introduce pathogens. Option B is incorrect as it involves accessing the self-sealing port, which may not provide a sterile sample due to potential contamination of the port itself. Option C is incorrect because disconnecting the drainage bag could introduce contaminants into the specimen. Drawing the sample from the drainage bag may include non-sterile components of the system, leading to inaccurate results. Educationally, understanding the correct procedure for obtaining a urine specimen from a catheterized patient is crucial for nurses to maintain patient safety and ensure accurate test results. Proper technique minimizes the risk of contamination, which is vital in clinical settings to provide quality patient care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the legal aspects of patient care is crucial. In this scenario, option C is correct - patients' charts are owned by the hospital, not the government, doctor, or patient. This is because the medical records are considered part of the hospital's business records and must be securely maintained to protect patient confidentiality and comply with legal requirements like HIPAA. Option A is incorrect because although the government may regulate access to patient records, it does not own them. Option B is incorrect because while the doctor may have a professional interest in the records, they ultimately belong to the healthcare institution. Option D is incorrect because nurses must follow institutional protocols for releasing patient information, which typically involves authorization from the hospital or medical provider. Educationally, understanding the ownership and confidentiality of patient records is essential for healthcare professionals to uphold ethical standards and legal requirements in patient care. It ensures that sensitive information is protected and only shared appropriately to maintain patient trust and privacy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct domain of learning according to Bloom's taxonomy is the psychomotor domain. The psychomotor domain relates to the development of physical skills and the ability to manipulate tools or instruments. In teaching the sister of a diabetic client how to properly use a glucometer to determine the blood sugar level, the nurse is focusing on teaching her a hands-on skill that involves physical manipulation of the device. The other options - cognitive, affective, and affiliative - are incorrect in this context. The cognitive domain pertains to knowledge and mental skills, such as understanding concepts or problem-solving, which are not the primary focus when teaching someone how to use a glucometer. The affective domain involves feelings, attitudes, and values, which are not directly related to the physical skill of using a glucometer. Affiliative is not a recognized domain in Bloom's taxonomy and is not relevant to this scenario. In an educational context, understanding the different domains of learning is crucial for educators to effectively design and deliver instruction that targets the appropriate type of learning for the desired outcomes. By recognizing that teaching someone how to use a glucometer falls under the psychomotor domain, educators can tailor their teaching strategies to ensure that learners acquire and demonstrate the required physical skills accurately.