ATI RN
Quizlet Patient-Centered Care UNMC Addiction Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The Latin term for the cooling of the body after death is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Algor mortis. Algor mortis refers to the cooling of the body after death. This process occurs as the body temperature gradually decreases to match the surrounding environment. Rigor mortis (choice A) is the stiffening of muscles after death, Livor mortis (choice C) is the pooling of blood in the dependent parts of the body, and Algae mortis (choice D) is not a valid term in forensic science. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the cooling process after death.
Question 2 of 5
You are assessing a critical patient and considering the possibility of a reversible cause of his symptomatic slow heart rate. Which of the possibilities is most likely to cause a patient to present with a slow heart rate and associated signs/symptoms of bradycardia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypoxia. Hypoxia can lead to a slow heart rate as the body tries to compensate for the lack of oxygen by decreasing the heart rate. This is known as reflex bradycardia. In a critical patient, hypoxia can be a common cause of bradycardia. A: Cardiac tamponade typically presents with symptoms of Beck's triad (hypotension, muffled heart sounds, and distended neck veins) rather than bradycardia. C: Pulmonary embolus can cause tachycardia due to increased workload on the heart, not bradycardia. D: Hypovolemia can also lead to tachycardia as the body tries to compensate for decreased blood volume, rather than bradycardia.
Question 3 of 5
Your adult patient presents with shortness of breath and chest pain. She reports the pain began last night and has worsened. She is breathing 28 times per minute with a SpO2 of 96 percent on room air. She reports the pain worsens when asked to take a deep breath. Lung sounds are equal with a grating sound heard on inhalation. The patient's heart rate and blood pressure are normal. She is showing a sinus rhythm with a first-degree atrioventricular block present in lead II on the ECG. Which of the following is most likely the cause of her complaints?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pleurisy. Pleurisy is inflammation of the pleura, the lining around the lungs. In this case, the patient's symptoms of chest pain worsened by deep breathing, grating sound on inhalation, and normal heart rate and blood pressure indicate pleurisy. The grating sound, known as pleural friction rub, is characteristic of pleurisy. The absence of significant cardiac abnormalities rules out acute myocardial infarction. Asthma typically presents with wheezing and bronchospasm, while bronchitis involves cough and sputum production, neither of which are seen in this patient. Pleurisy is the most likely cause based on the patient's presentation and physical exam findings.
Question 4 of 5
You are on-scene with a cardiac history patient experiencing unstable ventricular tachycardia that is not responding well to prehospital interventions. The patient and family want the patient transported to a hospital across town; however, there is a facility more capable of handling the cardiac event much closer. Which of the following would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it prioritizes the patient's best interest. By explaining the situation to the patient and family and then transporting the patient to the closer facility to benefit from timely care, it ensures the patient receives the most appropriate treatment promptly. This approach balances patient autonomy with medical necessity. Choice A is incorrect because delaying the patient's transfer to the more capable facility may compromise their health. Choice B is incorrect as it prioritizes patient preference over medical urgency. Choice D is incorrect as it disregards patient and family input and fails to consider the patient's medical needs.
Question 5 of 5
What can the paramedic expect to find when evaluating the pupillary response of a patient suspected of suffering from herniation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bilateral pupil dilation. In cases of herniation, increased intracranial pressure can lead to compression of the cranial nerves, resulting in bilateral pupil dilation. This is known as the "blown pupil" sign. Unilateral, unequal, or non-reactive pupils (Choice B) could indicate other issues like trauma or nerve damage. Bilaterally unequal and non-responsive pupils (Choice C) are not typical of herniation. Sluggish response with equal pupils (Choice D) may suggest a different neurological condition but not specifically herniation.