The laboring person is in pain and very anxious. They do not want to use traditional pain relief methods. What can the nurse offer the laboring person to help with relaxation and reducing anxiety?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: lavender oil. Lavender oil is a natural remedy known for its calming and relaxing properties, which can help reduce anxiety and promote relaxation in laboring individuals. It is safe and non-invasive, making it an ideal choice for someone who does not want traditional pain relief methods. Incorrect choices: B: Epidural is a commonly used pain relief method that involves injecting anesthesia into the epidural space, providing effective pain relief but not specifically targeting relaxation and anxiety reduction. C: Nalbuphine hydrochloride (Nubain) is a synthetic opioid analgesic that can help manage pain but may not address the individual's desire for non-traditional methods. D: Cold rag may provide some temporary relief for discomfort but may not be as effective in promoting relaxation and reducing anxiety compared to the calming effects of lavender oil.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because open glottis breathing is a common technique during the pushing stage of labor as it helps prevent breath-holding and excessive pressure buildup. By encouraging the person to breathe however is most comfortable, the nurse supports their autonomy and allows them to effectively engage in open glottis breathing. Choice B is incorrect because holding the breath for counts can lead to increased intra-abdominal pressure and is not recommended during pushing. Choice C is incorrect as open glottis breathing is an effective technique for pushing. Choice D is incorrect as healthcare providers typically support the individual's chosen breathing techniques during labor.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: hip squeeze. The nurse uses hip squeeze to provide counter pressure during labor. This technique helps relieve pain, open the pelvis, and facilitate fetal descent. By applying pressure on the hips, the nurse can help alleviate discomfort and create more space for the baby to move down the birth canal. Perineal pressure (B) focuses on the perineum, shoulder pressure (C) is not typically used in this context, and knee press (D) is not a common technique for labor pain management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: hydroxyzine. Hydroxyzine is an anxiolytic medication that acts on the central nervous system to relieve apprehension and induce a calming effect. It is commonly used to treat anxiety and tension. Fentanyl, codeine, and morphine are opioid medications primarily used for pain relief and do not have anxiolytic properties. Therefore, hydroxyzine is the correct choice for a drug that specifically targets anxiety and promotes a feeling of calm.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: naloxone (Narcan). If a newborn has decreased or no respiratory effort after the mother received an opiate, it indicates potential opiate toxicity in the newborn. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that can reverse the effects of opiates, including respiratory depression. Administering naloxone can help stimulate the newborn's respiratory effort, promoting adequate oxygenation. Summary: - A: Naloxone is the correct answer as it reverses opiate effects. - B: Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and does not address respiratory depression. - C: Oxygen may help with oxygenation but does not address the underlying opiate toxicity. - D: Sodium bicarbonate is used to treat acid-base imbalances and does not address opiate toxicity or respiratory depression.