ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Question Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The ketogenic diet is absolutely contraindicated in
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ketogenic diet, high in fats, is contraindicated in primary carnitine deficiency , as defective carnitine impairs fat metabolism, risking metabolic crisis. Myoclonic-astatic epilepsy , tuberous sclerosis , Rett syndrome , and infantile spasms benefit from it. Carnitincritical role makes A the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
Status epilepticus is a medical emergency that should be anticipated in any patient who presents with an acute seizure. It is defined as continuous seizure activity or recurrent seizure activity without regaining of consciousness lasting for more than
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Status epilepticus is defined as seizurlasting >30 minutor recurrent without recovery, per ILAE, requiring urgent treatment due to neuronal injury risk. Shorter durations (A-B) are prolonged seizures; longer exceed standard. Thirty minutclinical threshold makes C the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
The aura associated with migraine is a neurologic warning that a migraine is going to occur. Of the following, the LEAST common type of typical auras is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Migraine auras include visual (C, most common, ~90%), sensory , and dysphasic types. Vertigo and distortion are rarer, with vertigo least frequent (~10%) per studies, often tied to vestibular migraine. Visual dominance makes D the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
A slowly progressive ataxia that involvthe lower extremitito a greater degree than the upper extremities. The Romberg test result is positive; the deep-tendon reflexare absent (particularly at the ankle), and the plantar response is typically extensor (Babinski sign). Of the following, the MOST likely cause of this ataxia is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Friedreich ataxia matchthis profile: progressive lower limb ataxia, absent reflexes, positive Romberg (sensory loss), and Babinski sign, from GAA repeat expansion. Ataxia-telangiectasia adds telangiectasia; abetalipoproteinemia lipid issues; Roussy-Levy tremor; Ramsay Hunt is unrelated. Friedreichs genetics make B the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
Excessive irritability and crying, unexplained episodof hyperpyrexia, vomiting, and difficulty feeding are the symptoms of the following neuro-degenerative disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Krabbe disease presents with irritability, hyperpyrexia, vomiting, and feeding issufrom galactocerebrosidase deficiency, causing myelin loss. Tay-Sachs , Sandhoff , and GM2 gangliosidosis show regression and seizures; metachromatic leukodystrophy later ataxia. Krabbearly signs make D the correct answer.