The __________ is the first measurement of blood pressure

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Orthostatic. When measuring blood pressure, the first measurement taken is in the orthostatic position, which means the patient is standing or sitting. This initial reading provides a baseline value before any changes due to activity or stress occur. Choice A is incorrect because blood pressure can be measured both when the heart is at work (systolic) and when it is at rest (diastolic). Choice B is incorrect because diastolic pressure is the second measurement taken during blood pressure measurement. Choice D is incorrect because systolic pressure is the second measurement taken during blood pressure measurement.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because cleaning at least two inches of the catheter near the body helps prevent infection at the insertion site. This step ensures proper hygiene and reduces the risk of catheter-related complications. Rinsing the catheter (choice B) is not as effective as cleaning. Closing the clamp without cleaning (choice C) can lead to bacterial growth. Allowing the clamp to touch the graduate (choice D) can introduce contaminants. Cleaning the catheter near the body is the most essential step in catheter care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chickenpox in a person who has never had it. The shingles virus, also known as herpes zoster, is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which initially causes chickenpox. When the virus reactivates, it can lead to a painful rash and blisters, known as shingles, particularly in individuals who have had chickenpox before. Scabs due to tiny mites (A), abrasion due to friction (B), and severe fungal infections (D) are unrelated to the shingles virus and do not align with its characteristic symptoms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Carbon dioxide. The lungs exchange oxygen from the air we breathe with carbon dioxide produced by our cells. Oxygen is taken up by red blood cells in the lungs and transported to the body tissues, while carbon dioxide is released from the tissues into the bloodstream and then exhaled through the lungs. Nitrogen (choice A) is not involved in the gas exchange process. Hydrogen (choice B) is not a primary gas exchanged during respiration. Carbon monoxide (choice D) is a toxic gas that can interfere with oxygen transport but is not a normal part of the respiratory exchange process.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Brain. The brain is a crucial component of the central nervous system, responsible for processing information, controlling bodily functions, and regulating emotions. It is the main organ that coordinates all activities in the body. Nerves (choice B) are part of the peripheral nervous system, not the central nervous system. Eyes and ears (choice C) are sensory organs that transmit information to the brain but are not part of the central nervous system. The autonomic nervous system (choice D) is a division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary bodily functions, such as heart rate and digestion, and is not part of the central nervous system.