The __________ is the first measurement of blood pressure

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Orthostatic. Orthostatic blood pressure measurement is the first measurement taken when assessing blood pressure. This measurement is done with the individual in a standing position after resting for a few minutes. It helps to evaluate for postural changes in blood pressure, which can indicate conditions like orthostatic hypotension. Explanation for other choices: A: when the heart is at work - This is not the first measurement taken for blood pressure assessment. It refers to blood pressure measurement during physical activity or stress. B: Diastolic - Diastolic blood pressure is the second number in a blood pressure reading, representing the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest. D: Systolic - Systolic blood pressure is the first number in a blood pressure reading, representing the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts. It is not the first measurement taken in a standard blood pressure assessment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because cleaning at least two inches of the catheter near the body helps prevent infection by removing bacteria that can travel up the catheter. Cleaning a larger area reduces the risk of contamination. Choice B is incorrect because rinsing the catheter does not effectively clean it, and focusing on the nearest four inches may not address the area most prone to contamination. Choice C is incorrect because closing and replacing the clamp without cleaning it can introduce bacteria into the catheter system, increasing the risk of infection. Choice D is incorrect because allowing the catheter clamp to touch the graduate can lead to contamination and potential infection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chickenpox in a person who has never had it. The shingles virus, also known as the varicella-zoster virus, is the same virus that causes chickenpox. When a person who has had chickenpox before is re-infected with the virus, it can reactivate and cause shingles. Shingles presents as a painful rash with blisters on the skin along the path of a nerve. Therefore, choice C is correct. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because shingles is not caused by scabs due to mites, abrasions due to friction, or a severe fungal infection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Carbon dioxide. The lungs facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during respiration. Oxygen is taken in, and carbon dioxide is expelled from the body through breathing. Carbon dioxide is a waste product produced by cells during cellular respiration. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because nitrogen is not directly involved in the respiratory process, hydrogen is not a major component of respiration, and carbon monoxide is a toxic gas that interferes with oxygen transport in the body.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Brain. The brain is a vital component of the central nervous system that processes information, controls actions, and regulates bodily functions. It receives and interprets signals from nerves, eyes, and ears. Nerves (choice B) are part of the peripheral nervous system, not the central nervous system. Eyes and ears (choice C) are sensory organs that transmit information to the brain but are not part of the central nervous system. The autonomic nervous system (choice D) is a division of the peripheral nervous system responsible for involuntary bodily functions.