ATI RN
The Hematologic System ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The International Normalized Ratio (INR) was developed for the purpose of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the International Normalized Ratio (INR) was specifically developed to standardize the monitoring of warfarin therapy. INR allows for consistent interpretation of prothrombin time results across different laboratories, ensuring accurate dosing of warfarin. Choice A is incorrect because heparin therapy is typically monitored using activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Choice B is incorrect as INR, not aPTT, is used for monitoring oral anticoagulant therapy such as warfarin. Choice C is incorrect as INR is not used for screening clotting system abnormalities, but rather for monitoring anticoagulant therapy.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is concerned that a patient is demonstrating signs of red blood cell production. What laboratory value did the nurse most likely use to make this decision?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bilirubin. Bilirubin is a product of red blood cell breakdown and its levels can indicate the rate of red blood cell production. Elevated bilirubin can suggest increased RBC destruction or hemolysis. Iron (A) is related to anemia but not a direct indicator of RBC production. Thrombin (C) is a clotting factor, not related to RBC production. Intrinsic factor (D) is involved in vitamin B12 absorption, not directly linked to RBC production.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has an altered level of T and B cells. The nurse realizes that these cells are members of which cell type?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lymphocytes. T and B cells are subtypes of lymphocytes, which are crucial components of the immune system. T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity, while B cells are responsible for producing antibodies. Platelets (A), eosinophils (B), and red blood cells (D) do not have the same functions or roles as T and B cells in the immune system. Platelets are involved in blood clotting, eosinophils are a type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions, and red blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has a bone marrow aspiration from the posterior iliac crest. Before the procedure, the patient's vital signs were: blood pressure 132/82 mm Hg and pulse 88 beats/min. One hour after the procedure, the blood pressure is 108/70 mm Hg and pulse is 96 beats/min. Which assessment is the least important for the patient at this time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the patient's vital signs have changed post-procedure, indicating a potential complication. Checking the complete blood count report is the least important at this time as it does not immediately impact the patient's current condition. A: Observing the puncture site is important to assess for bleeding or infection. C: Asking about lightheadedness or dizziness is crucial to monitor for signs of hypovolemia or shock. D: Determining medications taken before the procedure is essential to identify any potential interactions or adverse effects. In summary, monitoring vital signs, assessing the puncture site, and checking for symptoms of hypovolemia or shock are more critical post-procedure than reviewing the complete blood count report.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is being prepared to receive a prescribed blood transfusion. What is the best way that the LPN can assist the health team to prevent a transfusion reaction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assist the registered nurse (RN) to identify correctly the patient and the blood product. This is crucial to prevent transfusion reactions as it ensures the right blood is given to the right patient. Misidentification can lead to severe complications. Monitoring vital signs (A) is important but doesn't directly prevent transfusion reactions. Warming blood (B) may improve patient comfort but doesn't prevent reactions. Administering diphenhydramine (C) is not a standard pre-transfusion medication and should not be given without specific orders. Identifying the patient and blood product correctly is the best way to prevent transfusion reactions.