The intensive care unit (ICU) nurse cares for a blind client, who is on contact precautions, maybe experiencing:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: sensory deprivation. Sensory deprivation refers to the lack of meaningful stimuli to the senses, which can occur in a blind individual. In the ICU, the client's visual impairment, coupled with the need for contact precautions, restricts sensory input, leading to sensory deprivation. This can result in feelings of isolation, anxiety, and confusion. Choice A, sensory deficit, refers to a general impairment in any of the senses, not necessarily related to the client's specific situation. Choice B, sensory overload, involves an excessive amount of sensory stimuli, which is unlikely in a visually impaired client. Choice D, sensory overstimulation, implies an overwhelming amount of sensory input, which is not the case for a blind client in the ICU.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because sexuality is a natural and normal aspect of human life, regardless of age or health status. Older adults have the right to express their sexual feelings and desires. This expression can contribute to emotional well-being and quality of life. Choices A and B are incorrect as they suggest a limited view of sexuality in older adults. Choice C is incorrect as it wrongly implies that any expression of sexuality in older adults is a sign of a developmental problem, which is not true. Older adults, like individuals of all ages, have the ability and right to maintain their sexuality.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because utilitarianism focuses on maximizing overall utility or usefulness, which can be subjective and vary among individuals in a diverse community. This diversity can lead to disagreements on what is considered useful, making it challenging to find agreement on a definition of usefulness. Therefore, applying utilitarianism may not always resolve ethical dilemmas in such contexts. A: This statement is incorrect as utilitarianism does not solely eliminate the need to discuss spiritual values but rather emphasizes maximizing overall utility. C: This statement is incorrect as laws do not necessarily prohibit the application of utilitarianism, but rather the complexity of ethical dilemmas may not always be easily resolved through this approach. D: This statement is incorrect as utilitarianism aims to address difficult ethical decisions by evaluating the usefulness of different options.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess the client's level of consciousness. In ARDS, hypoxemia can lead to altered mental status. Assessing the client's level of consciousness is crucial for detecting any neurological changes and ensuring timely intervention. Monitoring urine output (B) is important for assessing renal function but is not a priority in ARDS. Turning the client every two hours (C) is a standard nursing intervention for preventing pressure ulcers but is not directly related to managing ARDS. Maintaining intravenous fluids as ordered (D) is important, but assessing the client's level of consciousness takes precedence in the care of a client with ARDS.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because diffuse bilateral infiltrates or 'white-out' appearance on a chest x-ray are classic findings in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) due to widespread alveolar damage and fluid accumulation. This pattern reflects severe impairment of gas exchange. Choice A is incorrect because unilateral infiltrates in the upper lobe are more indicative of conditions like pneumonia or lung cancer. Choice B is incorrect because cardiomegaly with pleural effusion suggests heart failure rather than ARDS. Choice D is incorrect because normal findings despite severe symptoms are not characteristic of ARDS, which presents with significant abnormalities on imaging due to the underlying lung injury.