ATI RN
Integumentary System Multiple Choice Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
The innermost layer of epidermis in mammals is termed-
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stratum germinativum. This layer is also known as the stratum basale and is the innermost layer of the epidermis where cell division and renewal occur. It contains stem cells that continuously divide to produce new keratinocytes. The other choices, A: Stratum granulosum, B: Stratum lucidum, and C: Stratum spinosum are all layers of the epidermis, but they are not the innermost layer where cell division primarily takes place.
Question 2 of 5
Exposure to ultraviolet light (sunlight) causes the skin to darken by increasing the production of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Melanin. Melanin is a pigment produced by skin cells in response to UV exposure, acting as a natural defense mechanism to protect the skin from sun damage. Collagen (A) is responsible for skin firmness, not skin darkening. Carotene (B) is a pigment found in certain foods like carrots but does not directly contribute to skin darkening. Keratin (C) is a protein that provides structure to the skin, hair, and nails, but it does not play a role in skin darkening. Therefore, the production of melanin is specifically increased in response to UV light exposure, making it the correct choice.
Question 3 of 5
________ is a small connective tissue peg that contains nerve endings and blood vessels.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hair papilla. The hair papilla is a small connective tissue peg located at the base of the hair follicle and contains nerve endings and blood vessels. It supplies nutrients to the hair bulb and helps in hair growth. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Hair cuticle is the outermost layer of the hair shaft. B) Hair bulb is the rounded, enlarged area at the base of the hair follicle where hair growth occurs. C) Hair matrix is the actively dividing part of the hair follicle responsible for producing new hair cells.
Question 4 of 5
Cyanosis signifies that a patient has
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin due to insufficient oxygen in the blood. Step 2: Oxygen-starved blood appears bluish as it reflects less red light. Step 3: Therefore, cyanosis signifies a lack of oxygen in the blood, not related to sun exposure. Summary: Choice A is correct as it accurately reflects the physiological cause of cyanosis. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not relate to the underlying mechanism of cyanosis.
Question 5 of 5
Skin wrinkle and sagging is caused by
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, all of the choices. UV radiation damages collagen and elastin fibers, leading to skin wrinkling. Aging causes a decrease in collagen production and skin elasticity, contributing to sagging. Hormonal changes, like decreased estrogen levels, also impact collagen production and skin thickness. Therefore, all three factors (UV radiation, aging, hormonal changes) play significant roles in causing skin wrinkle and sagging. Other choices are incorrect as they do not encompass the comprehensive factors that contribute to these skin conditions.