ATI RN
Pediatric Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The initial treatment of choice for Graves disease is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a first-line antithyroid drug for Graves disease in children, controlling hyperthyroidism.
Question 2 of 5
In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia results when insulin secretion becomes inadequate to enhance peripheral glucose uptake and to suppress hepatic and renal glucose production. Of the following, the sign of more complete insulin deficiency is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ketogenesis indicates severe insulin deficiency, as it reflects uncontrolled lipolysis and ketone production, more advanced than hyperglycemia (A, B) or glycosuria (D). Metabolic acidosis (E) follows ketogenesis but is a consequence, not the primary sign.
Question 3 of 5
A 5-year-old girl has been developed type 1 diabetes mellitus 6 months ago. She is on intensive control using multiple daily injections of insulin. A recent blood testing of HgbA1c is 6.5%. Of the following, the MOST frequent complication that may be encountered at this age is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intensive insulin therapy in young children often leads to recurrent hypoglycemia due to tight control (HgbA1c 6.5%), variable eating, and activity patterns. Hyperglycemia (B), weight loss (C), candidiasis (D), and UTIs (E) are less frequent with good control.
Question 4 of 5
You are discussing short stature (SS) with medical students. You mention that congenital growth hormone deficiency is one of common causes of SS. An important statement that should be included with your discussion is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Congenital GH deficiency typically presents with normal birth size (length and weight) as GH’s role emerges postnatally, with growth failure appearing later. Other options (B, C, D, E) are incorrect or less characteristic.
Question 5 of 5
Thyroid disorders consist of a variety of diseases that require different treatment according to the cause. Of the following, the thyroid disorder that does not require treatment is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Congenital thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency affects binding protein levels but not thyroid function, requiring no treatment, unlike hypothyroidism (A), cretinism (B), thyroiditis (C), or hyperthyroidism (D), which impair gland function.