ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Exam Flashcards Questions
Question 1 of 9
The incorrect statement regarding corticosteroids in allergy is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The mechanism of action of corticosteroids is well understood; they suppress inflammation by inhibiting cytokine production and reducing immune cell activity. They also downregulate prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
Question 2 of 9
Chronic urticaria may be caused by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic urticaria can be associated with autoimmune conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus due to immune dysregulation.
Question 3 of 9
The mean age range for breast bud appearance (thelarche) in females is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thelarche typically occurs between ages 8-13, marking the start of female puberty.
Question 4 of 9
Regarding multiple gestation pregnancies, the following are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The overall incidence of multifetal gestation has increased due to assisted reproductive technologies. The other statements are true regarding multiple gestation pregnancies.
Question 5 of 9
A 6-year-old boy with hereditary spherocytosis developed transient aplastic crisis following a recent viral infection. The most probable incriminated viral infection is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parvovirus B19 infects erythroid progenitor cells, temporarily halting erythropoiesis. In hereditary spherocytosis, this leads to severe anemia, as the lifespan of spherocytes is already reduced.
Question 6 of 9
The child with polyarticular JIA often has a more prolonged course of active joint inflammation and requires early and aggressive therapy. Of the following, the predictor that carries the WORST prognosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nodules indicate more severe disease and carry a worse prognosis.
Question 7 of 9
A 6-year-old boy with hereditary spherocytosis developed transient aplastic crisis following a recent viral infection. The most probable incriminated viral infection is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parvovirus B19 infects erythroid progenitor cells, temporarily halting erythropoiesis. In hereditary spherocytosis, this leads to severe anemia, as the lifespan of spherocytes is already reduced.
Question 8 of 9
A 15-year-old female presented with delusions, paranoia, tachycardia, hypertension, hyperpyrexia, diaphoresis, piloerection, mydriasis, hyperreflexia, seizures, hypotension, and dysrhythmia. The MOST likely cause is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amphetamine intoxication matches these symptoms, including autonomic hyperactivity, psychosis, and cardiovascular effects.
Question 9 of 9
Which of the following is contraindicated in the treatment of infective endocarditis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Corticosteroids are contraindicated in infective endocarditis as they can worsen infection by suppressing the immune response.