ATI RN
Endocrine System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The inability to produce ADH causes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ADH deficiency causes diabetes insipidus polyuria/polydipsia from poor water reabsorption, dilute urine. Diabetes mellitus is insulin-related, glucose-driven. Uterine contractions tie to oxytocin, not ADH. Decreased urine opposes DI volume rises. DI's water loss distinguishes it, key to ADH's role, unlike glucose, contraction, or retention conditions.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is NOT related to adrenal medulla structure and function?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adrenal medulla, inner gland portion, is nervously controlled (sympathetic), producing epinephrine/norepinephrine fight-or-flight. Glucose/mineral regulation is adrenal cortex (cortisol, aldosterone), not medulla distinct roles. Medulla's neural-catecholamine function distinguishes it, key to acute stress, unlike cortex's metabolic/electrolyte tasks.
Question 3 of 5
Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex hormones can lead to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenal cortex hyposecretion (low cortisol/aldosterone) causes Addison's fatigue, low BP, hyperpigmentation from ACTH rise. Diabetes mellitus is pancreatic glucose issue. Cushing's is cortisol excess opposite. Cretinism is neonatal hypothyroidism growth/mental delay. Addison's adrenal failure distinguishes it, key to cortex insufficiency, unlike glucose, excess, or thyroid conditions.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is NOT true of testosterone?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Testosterone isn't controlled by thyroid it's from testes, regulated by pituitary LH/FSH. It grows penis/testes, drives secondary traits (e.g., voice, hair), and can cause baldness (androgenetic). Thyroid controls metabolism (T3/T4), not androgens. Pituitary-testes axis distinguishes testosterone, key to male development, unlike thyroid control error.
Question 5 of 5
G-proteins (guanine nucleotide-binding proteins) are molecules involved in the transmission of hormonal signals from outside a cell to the interior by means of a process called:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Signal transduction transmits hormonal signals via G-proteins (e.g., in glucagon response), converting extracellular messages into intracellular actions (cAMP) core process. Signal conduction is neural, not hormonal electric impulse. Signal targeting isn't a term receptor specificity fits, but not process. Local signaling is paracrine, not G-protein-mediated typically. Transduction's role distinguishes it, critical for hormone effects across membranes, unlike conduction, vague, or local errors.