The immunity conferred by tetanus toxoid is best described as:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tetanus toxoid provides long-lasting active immunity. When a person is vaccinated with tetanus toxoid, their immune system is stimulated to produce antibodies against the tetanus toxin. These antibodies provide protection against tetanus infection by recognizing and neutralizing the toxin if the person is exposed to the bacteria that causes tetanus in the future. This active immune response can last for many years, providing ongoing protection against tetanus. However, booster doses are recommended every 10 years to maintain adequate levels of protection.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Weight reduction is the most important focus in the health teachings provided by the nurse. Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for overall well-being and can significantly reduce the risk of various health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. By emphasizing weight reduction, the nurse can help improve the patient's overall health and quality of life. Jogging a mile a day and vigorous exercise are beneficial for weight management, but it is important to address the root cause of potential health problems which in this case may be excess weight. Moreover, emphasizing the importance of weight reduction does not necessarily mean encouraging extreme dieting; instead, it involves promoting a balanced and healthy approach to eating and physical activity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The first responsibility of a nurse when a patient falls is to assess the patient's injury. Assessing the patient's injury immediately allows the nurse to determine the severity of the fall and provide appropriate care and interventions. It is important to assess for any signs of injury, such as pain, swelling, bruising, or altered mobility, and to address any immediate medical needs. Once the patient's injury has been assessed, the nurse can then proceed to report the incident to the head nurse, write an incident report, and notify the physician if necessary.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the mother, who is 35 years old and illiterate but with on and off seizure, is the best candidate to sign the informed consent for a surgical procedure for the child. The mother is the primary caregiver and decision-maker for the child in most cases, and her relationship to the child is most crucial in this situation. Despite her illiteracy, she can still comprehend the importance of the procedure for her child's well-being. Additionally, accommodations can be made for an illiterate person to sign the consent form by using an "X" as a signature. It is important that the person signing the consent form has a clear understanding of the risks and benefits involved, as well as the ability to make decisions in the best interest of the child.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The clinical presentation of gross hematuria, flank pain, palpable abdominal mass, along with imaging findings of a large heterogeneous renal mass with necrosis and calcifications are highly suggestive of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). RCC is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. The presence of necrosis and calcifications are characteristic features of RCC. Imaging modalities such as CT scans or MRI can confirm the diagnosis by showing the typical features of RCC, including a solid mass with areas of necrosis and calcifications. It is important to further evaluate this patient, likely with a biopsy, to confirm the diagnosis and determine the extent of the disease for appropriate management.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary purpose of interdisciplinary collaboration in nursing practice is to improve communication and coordination of patient care. When healthcare providers from different disciplines work together as a team, they can share their unique perspectives, knowledge, and skills to develop comprehensive care plans that address all aspects of a patient's well-being. This collaborative approach helps ensure that the patient receives holistic and coordinated care, leading to better outcomes and patient satisfaction. Effective communication and coordination among team members also help prevent errors, reduce duplication of efforts, and promote efficient use of resources. Overall, interdisciplinary collaboration is essential for delivering high-quality, patient-centered care in healthcare settings.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The prioritized nursing intervention in this situation should be assessing for the risk of harm to self or infant. It is crucial to ensure the safety of the postpartum client and her infant as depression can increase the risk of self-harm or harm to the newborn. By assessing for any potential risks, the nurse can take appropriate actions to prevent any harm and ensure the well-being of both the client and the infant. Once the assessment is completed, further interventions like encouraging participation in support groups, referring to a mental health professional, or administering medications can be considered based on the assessment findings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: During pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD, smoking cessation should not be avoided but instead strongly encouraged. Smoking cessation is a crucial component in managing COPD and improving lung function. Continued smoking can exacerbate COPD symptoms and hinder the progress made through rehabilitation efforts. Therefore, it is essential for patients to quit smoking while undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation to maximize the benefits of the program and improve their overall lung health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The "Rights of Medication Administration" include the following fundamental principles to ensure safe medication administration: right patient, right medication, right dosage, right route, right time, and right documentation. The price of the medication is not a part of these essential rights. These rights help to prevent medication errors and ensure that patients receive the correct medication in the correct way.