ATI RN
Questions on Gastrointestinal Tract Questions
Question 1 of 5
The ileocecal valve prevents chyme from entering the _____.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: large intestine. The ileocecal valve is located between the ileum (part of the small intestine) and the cecum (part of the large intestine). Its primary function is to prevent the backflow of contents from the large intestine into the small intestine, specifically preventing chyme from entering the large intestine prematurely. This allows for proper digestion and absorption of nutrients in the small intestine before the remaining waste material enters the large intestine for further processing. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as the ileocecal valve specifically regulates the flow of material between the small and large intestines, not other parts of the digestive system such as the stomach or duodenum.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about strategies to manage gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Avoid eating 2 to 3 hours before bedtime. This is because lying down after eating can worsen GERD symptoms by allowing stomach acid to flow back up into the esophagus. By avoiding eating close to bedtime, the client can reduce the risk of acid reflux. A: Elevating the head of the bed helps reduce nighttime symptoms, but it is not the most essential strategy. B: Avoiding snacking between meals can help, but the timing of meals is more crucial for managing GERD. C: Limiting foods high in fiber is not directly related to managing GERD; it is more about avoiding trigger foods like citrus, caffeine, and fatty foods.
Question 3 of 5
You're performing an abdominal assessment on Brent who is 52 y.o. In which order do you proceed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct order for an abdominal assessment is inspection, percussion, palpation, and auscultation (A). Inspection allows observation of any visible abnormalities. Percussion helps assess the density of underlying structures. Palpation is performed last to avoid altering bowel sounds before auscultation. Auscultation is done last to prevent altering bowel sounds while palpating. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the proper sequence for an abdominal assessment, which can lead to inaccurate findings.
Question 4 of 5
The nervous system or systems that can control peristalsis in the inferior esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine is (are) the
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because peristalsis, the involuntary movement of the digestive tract, is controlled by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The parasympathetic nervous system stimulates peristalsis, while the sympathetic nervous system inhibits it. Choice A is incorrect because the somatic motor nervous system controls voluntary movements, not peristalsis. Choice B is incorrect because the sympathetic nervous system inhibits peristalsis. Choice D is incorrect because the somatic motor nervous system does not control peristalsis in the digestive tract; it controls skeletal muscle movements.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following structures forms a cavity or pocket between the layers of mesenteries?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: omental bursa. The omental bursa is a potential space located behind the stomach and in front of the pancreas, forming a cavity or pocket between the layers of mesenteries. This structure allows for movement and accommodation of the stomach during digestion. A: Visceral pleura and B: Parietal pleura are layers of the pleural membrane in the thoracic cavity, not related to mesenteries or cavity formation. D: Retroperitoneum refers to the space behind the peritoneum, not specifically forming a cavity or pocket between mesenteries.