The hormone used as a physiologic marker for stress is:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: cortisol. Cortisol is known as the stress hormone because it is released in response to stress. It helps regulate various bodily functions during stressful situations. ADH (A) is antidiuretic hormone, involved in water balance. Estrogen (C) is a female sex hormone. Aldactone (D) is a medication used to treat high blood pressure and fluid retention, not a stress marker. Cortisol is the most appropriate choice as it directly correlates with stress response.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, the staff RN with 3 years of experience who enjoys orienting new employees. This choice is the best because of the staff RN's combination of experience and willingness to mentor. The 3 years of experience indicate a good foundation of knowledge and skills, making them a suitable preceptor for the new graduate. Additionally, their enjoyment of orienting new employees suggests they have a positive attitude towards teaching and mentoring, which is crucial for a successful preceptor-preceptee relationship. A: The charge RN may be a natural leader and know policies, but that doesn't necessarily translate to being the best preceptor for a new graduate who needs guidance and support in clinical practice. C: The LPN may have extensive experience and knowledge of doctor's preferences, but the scope of practice and educational background differ from that of an RN, making them less suitable for preceptorship. D: The staff RN with 10 years of experience refusing to work with students is not an ideal

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: homeostasis. Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to regulate internal conditions to maintain stability and balance. It involves various physiologic mechanisms such as temperature regulation, blood pressure control, and pH balance. Homeostasis is crucial for the body to function properly. A: Stress is a state of mental or emotional strain and is not the same as the body's internal balance regulation. C: Self-regulation is a broad term that can encompass various aspects of personal control and behavior, but it does not specifically refer to the body's physiological balance. D: Fight-or-flight response is a specific physiological response to perceived threats, not the overall process of maintaining internal balance.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Presbyopia. Presbyopia is a common age-related condition where the eye's lens loses flexibility, leading to difficulty focusing on close objects. Myopia (choice A), nearsightedness, is not specifically associated with aging. Strabismus (choice C), misalignment of the eyes, typically develops in childhood. Astigmatism (choice D), an irregular curvature of the eye's cornea or lens, can affect people of all ages, not just older adults. Presbyopia is the most relevant choice for visual changes associated with aging due to the natural aging process affecting the eye's ability to focus on close objects.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct way to document the nurse's assessment finding of an intact, reddened, and non-blanchable coccyx wound in an older adult is as a stage I pressure injury. A stage I pressure injury is characterized by intact skin with non-blanchable redness. In this case, the skin is intact, showing the initial signs of tissue damage due to pressure. Stages II, III, and IV pressure injuries involve more severe damage to the skin and underlying tissues. Stage II involves partial-thickness skin loss, stage III involves full-thickness skin loss, and stage IV involves full-thickness skin loss with extensive tissue necrosis. Since the coccyx wound is only showing redness without any loss of skin integrity, it aligns with a stage I pressure injury. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they describe more advanced stages of pressure injuries with skin breakdown, which is not present in this case.