ATI RN
Urinary System Test Questions And Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
The hormone that regulates water balance in the kidneys is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ADH increases water reabsorption in collecting ducts not aldosterone (Na+/K+), insulin (glucose), or oxytocin (labor). This identifies water regulation, key for urine concentration, contrasting with electrolyte or metabolic hormones.
Question 2 of 5
The structure that controls urine release from the bladder is the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sphincters (internal involuntary, external voluntary) control release not ureter, loop, or duct (kidney). This defines continence mechanism, key for micturition, contrasting with renal structures.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Efferent arterioles don't belong to the JGA (includes JG cells, macula densa, lacis cells) not incorrect are fenestrated endothelium, lacis in JGA, or podocytes on basement membrane. This corrects JGA composition, key for RAAS, contrasting with true glomerular traits.
Question 4 of 5
All the following statements about the distal convoluted tubules are CORRECT EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DCT is ~5 mm long not 14 mm; other traits (diameter, portions, microvilli, mitochondria) are correct. This corrects DCT length, key for nephron mapping, contrasting with true histological features.
Question 5 of 5
The macula densa is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Macula densa is in DCT, tall/dark cells, has a basement membrane not near urinary pole (vascular pole). This corrects position, key for JGA function, contrasting with pole error.